张仙的变容:从苏轼出生故事论起

The Narrative of Zhang Xian:Starting From Su Shi’s Birth Story

因为三苏的文化影响力,苏洵《题张仙画像》对苏轼兄弟出生故事的记述,引发了后世关于张仙的种种谈论。在历代的口传、笔记与图像的互文性叙述中,尤其所谓花蕊夫人“假神祀昶”的传闻,成为了关于张仙历史化议论的焦点,而明清文人对于此说的辨正中,又从张姓、蜀地、挟弹三个要素关联起颇多神祇、人物,衍生出对于张仙其神身份的各种重塑,诸说相互承续又转化衍变,形成了繁复错杂的张仙叙事谱系。

Based on the great influention of Su Shi and his fatherandbrother,the description about the birth story of Su Shi and Su Zhe in theessay on Portrait of Zhang Xian written by Su Xun,attracted many scholars and critics in following dynasties put forward various opinions on Zhang Xian Story,The statement that princess Hua Rui’s deceit about Meng Chang’s Portrait actually is Zhang Xian’s which became the focus of the historicization of the god Zhang Xian among scholarsin Ming and Qing dynasties in the intertextual narratives of Oral storys and pictures and texts.Meanwhile,in the identification of this statement,the family name of Zhang,the place of Shu and theappearance of holding a slingshot,which controlled the whole story revealed themselves,reshaped Zhang Xian’s identity and formed a complicated and complex narrative system of Zhang Xian.