公开商业数据爬取行为的规制路径

The Regulatory Path for Crawling Behavior on Open Commercial Data

公开商业数据源于个人数据,形成于数据收集技术,是独立于个人数据的数据类型。劳动说与激励说无法成为公开商业数据赋权保护的正当性基础,赋权保护路径既违背传统权利生成过程且实践效果存疑,并最终可能导致权利泛化。然而,如果摒弃赋权保护路径,完全放任公开商业数据被肆意爬取,可能会破坏市场竞争秩序,从而阻碍市场竞争。反不正当竞争法不预设具体利益而只判断行为正当与否的“行为谴责式”判断范式,完全契合规制爬取公开商业数据行为的谦抑性。现阶段由于我国《反不正当竞争法》类型化条款无法提供救济,适用一般条款规制爬取公开商业数据行为是较为妥当的方案。

Open commercial data is derived from personal data and formed from data collection technology.It is a data type independent of personal data.Labor theory and incentive theory cannot become the legitimate basis for the empowerment protection of open business data.The empowerment protection path is not only against the traditional process of rights generation,but also has questionable practical effects,and may eventually lead to the generalization of rights.However,if the open commercial data is not empowered and protected,and the data is completely allowed to be crawled wantonly,it may undermine the order of market competition and hinder market competition.The anti-unfair competition law does not presuppose specific interests,its paradigm of"behavior culpability"judgment,which only judges whether the behavior is legitimate or not,fully conforms to the modesty of regulating the behavior of crawling open commercial data.Currently,because the specialized provisions of the Chinese Anti-Unfair Competition Law cannot provide relief,the general provision with flexibility is a more appropriate scheme to apply its regulation to crawling open commercial data.