安徽省工业用水效率及影响因素时空分异解析

Analysis on the temporal and spatial differentiation of industrial water efficiency and influencing factors in Anhui Province

为探究安徽省工业用水效率提升路径,促进工业经济与水资源协同健康发展,采用Super-SBM模型从静态角度测度2010—2019年安徽省16市工业用水效率,借助探索性空间数据分析方法从空间格局和空间趋势角度探讨区域关联性和差异性,并进一步利用Malmquist指数解析动态演变趋势,探析影响工业用水效率高低的原因,最后优选固定效应模型从时空维度分析影响工业用水效率因素。结果表明:(1)安徽省工业用水效率逐年提升,东西方向上地区用水效率差异不明显,南北方向上用水效率由平滑的“阶梯式”曲线向平行的直线演变;(2)安徽省68.75%的城市存在投入冗余问题,第二产业从业人数的投入冗余率最高,严重拉低工业用水效率;(3)探析安徽省工业用水效率及分解指数的动态演变特征,发现技术进步是影响效率的关键原因;(4)时间维度上科技进步和环境管制对工业用水效率产生正向效应,空间维度上仅科技进步对提升地区工业用水效率起促进作用。

In order to promote the coordinated and healthy development of the industrial economy and water resources of Anhui Province,the present paper tries to explore the path of industrial water use efficiency improvement.For this purpose,the paper first used the Super-SBM model to measure industrial water use efficiency in 16 cities of Anhui Province from 2010 to 2019 from a static perspective.And,next,exploratory spatial data analysis was used to explore the regional correlation and difference from the perspective of spatial pattern and spatial trend.Moreover,the Malmquist index was used to analyze the dynamic evolution trend and explore the reasons influencing the level of industrial water use efficiency.In the end,we have eventually selected the fixed effect model to analyze the factors affecting the industrial water use efficiency from the spatial and temporal dimensions.The results of the above situation indicate that:(1)The industrial water use efficiency in Anhui Province is increasing year by year.There is no obvious difference in regional water use efficiency in the east-west direction,and the water use efficiency evolves from a smooth“stepped”curve to a parallel straight line in the north-south direction.(2)In the whole province,68.75 percent of the cities have input redundancy,and the input redundancy rate of secondary industry employees is the highest,which seriously reduces the industrial water use efficiency.(3)The dynamic evolution characteristics of industrial water use efficiency decomposition indices in Anhui Province have been explored to find that technological progress is the key factor affecting efficiency.(4)In the time dimension,technological progress and environmental regulation have positive effects on industrial water use efficiency.In the spatial dimension,only scientific and technological progress plays a promoting role in improving industrial water use efficiency.