2015—2019年我国煤矿瓦斯事故统计与规律分析

Statistics and analysis of coal mine gas accidents in China from 2015 to 2019

为了更深入地研究我国瓦斯事故的一般性规律,基于2015—2019年瓦斯事故数据,采用数理统计的方法对瓦斯事故的发生类型、区域、月份、时间、诱因5个维度进行了研究。结果表明:瓦斯突出事故发生率逐年增加;瓦斯爆炸(燃烧)是瓦斯事故的主要灾害类型;每年5、10、12月煤矿发生瓦斯事故的频率高;每天10:00―11:59和18:00―19:59是瓦斯事故发生的高峰期;贵州、山西、四川的瓦斯事故发生频率较高;违规操作是诱发瓦斯事故的主要原因。

This paper is to make research on the law of coal-gas mining accidents in China during the period from 2015 to 2019 by applying the statistical analysis method and analyzing the dimensions of accident types,regions,months,and inducement.For our research goals,we focus on analyzing the general laws of coal mine gas accidents in China and fundamentally analyze the general laws and characteristics of gas accidents.The results show that:(1)With the increase of mining depth,geological conditions are more complex and changeable and gas accidents increase year by year.(2)In these gas accidents,the main accident type is gas explosion and it often occurs in the process of gas outburst and mine blasting;The consequences of gas explosion include a large number of casualties and economic losses.(3)Gas accidents are more likely to occur in 10:00-12:00 and 18:00-20:00,and the two hours before and after the shift is the period for key prevention.(4)In terms of months,coal mines are most prone to gas accidents in May,October,and December;The highest number of gas accidents occurred in October and the highest number of deaths from gas accidents occurred in December.(5)The areas of Guizhou,Shanxi,Sichuan,and Hunan Provinces have high occurrence frequencies of gas accidents,among which Guizhou Province has the most gas accidents.(6)The main factor leading to coal mine gas accidents is illegal operation.To reduce the occurrence of coal mine gas accidents,coal mine enterprises must pay attention to the cultivation of workers’safety consciousness,strengthening the management of production technology,strengthening the safety inspection of ventilation facilities,strictly punishing violations in the mining process,increasing the intensity of punishment,strengthening safety management and safety supervision;strengthening safety supervision by relevant administrative departments.