王国维与溥仪

Wang Guowei and Pu Yi

王国维关心政治,在与罗振玉等人通信中时时表达自己对当时政局的判断。1923年,因为升允的推荐,王国维受诏入值南书房,与溥仪由此而发生了关系,报称之念与担忧之心构成了王国维对溥仪的主要情感。随着民国政府对逊清朝廷从优待条件、善后办法到修改条件的不断调整,溥仪的生存空间愈趋逼仄。溥仪及皇室安危始终是王国维情感的出发点,他建议设立皇室博物馆以守住紫禁城的地盘;甲子之变时,王国维随侍左右,稍后又主张溥仪迁居安全之地;他为皇室财产与北京大学考古学会发生激烈的争论;移席清华后时往天津张园问安。凡此皆可见王国维与溥仪,虽然因为一为南书房行走一为逊清皇帝的身份,而不可避免带有政治的色彩,但王国维始终站在政治的边缘,深切关注着溥仪个人的命运。被错置身份的王国维,从本质上来说,始终坚守的还是学者本色,并以此与意图复辟大清的遗老群体形成了鲜明的区别。

Wang Guowei has great concerns about politices,and gave many analyses of the then political situations in his letters to Luo Zhenyu.In 1923,Wang was somehow summoned to the Qing court as South Study Special Aide.Since then,his destiny became inseparable from that of Pu Yi,the desposed emporer of the Qing Dynasty.His affection for the emperor was a mixture of gratifications and concerns.As the Republic government treated the Qing Court more and more harshly,the living space for Pu Yi became more cramped than ever before.Wang claimed to build a royal museum in order to conserve the Imperial Palace.During the Beijing Coup,Wang attend upon Pu Yi,and he even contended for the royal property with the Archaeological Society of Peking University.And when Pu Yi moved to Tianjin,Wang visited him frequently.These are the proof that although the relationship between Wang Guowei and Pu Yi was inevitably political.And yet,Wang also concerned about Pu Yi personally.Wang,much confused with his identity,was essentially a scholar,as is very different from the Qing followers.