锂金属电池中锂枝晶研究综述

Review of lithium dendrites in lithium metal batteries

锂金属负极枝晶是引起锂金属电池安全和效率问题的重要因素,其主要原因是锂离子在电极表面的电化学行为不受控。为抑制枝晶的生长,需要研究和理解其产生的电化学机理。因此,很多研究进行了深入的探索。综述了锂金属电池中锂枝晶成核和生长的不同模型,阐述了通过增加比表面积降低电流密度、附加亲锂性位点增强阳极亲锂性和改进SEI膜机械强度和柔韧性,防止SEI膜破裂产生锂枝晶生长热点等锂枝晶抑制方法,展望了未来锂枝晶抑制策略。

Lithium-metal anode dendrite is an important factor in the safety and efficiency of lithium metal batteries.The main reason is the electrochemical behavior of lithium ions on the electrode surface is uncontrolled.In order to inhibit dendrite growth,it is necessary to study and understand the electrochemical mechanism of dendrite nucleation and growth.Therefore,a lot of research has been carried out to study it.Various models of Lithium dendrite nucleation and growth in the lithium battery were reviewed.Many methods of lithium dendrite suppression were expounded,such as increasing the specific surface area to lower current density,adding lithiophilic sites to enhance the lithiophilicity of anode,improving mechanical strength and flexibility of SEI film to prevent the SEI film rupture which could result in the hot pot of lithium dendrite growth,and so on.The future lithium dendrite suppression strategy was also prospected.