重型颅脑创伤术后小腿肌间静脉血栓形成的影响因素分析

Risk factors for intramuscular calf vein thrombosis after severe craniocerebral trauma

目的探讨重型颅脑创伤术后小腿肌间静脉血栓形成的影响因素。方法收集2018年9月至2021年8月新疆医科大学第一附属医院接受手术治疗的96例重型颅脑创伤患者的临床资料。根据患者术后小腿肌间静脉血栓形成情况进行分组,对照组术后未发生小腿肌间静脉血栓,观察组术后发生小腿肌间静脉血栓,分析重型颅脑创伤术后小腿肌间静脉血栓形成的影响因素。结果96例患者中,发生小腿肌间静脉血栓25例(观察组),未发生小腿肌间静脉血栓71例(对照组),小腿肌间静脉血栓发生率为26.04%(25/96)。单因素分析结果显示,两组患者年龄、高血压、冠心病、活化部分凝血活酶时间(APTT)、受伤至入院时间、受伤至手术时间、手术时间比较,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。多因素分析结果显示,年龄、高血压、冠心病、APTT、受伤至入院时间、受伤至手术时间、手术时间均是重型颅脑创伤术后小腿肌间静脉血栓形成的影响因素(P<0.05)。结论年龄、高血压、冠心病、APTT、受伤至入院时间、受伤至手术时间、手术时间均是重型颅脑创伤术后小腿肌间静脉血栓形成的影响因素,临床工作中应给予高度重视,从而降低各类术后血栓的发生率,提升手术治疗成功率。

Objective To investigate the risk factors for intramuscular calf vein thrombosis after severe craniocerebral trauma.Method The clinical data of 96 patients with severe craniocerebral trauma who received surgical treatment from September 2018 to August 2021 in the First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University were collected.The patients were divided into different groups according to the postoperative intermuscular calf venous thrombosis.The control group did not experience intramuscular calf vein thrombosis after surgery,while the observation group developed intramuscular calf vein thrombosis.The risk factors for intramuscular calf vein thrombosis after severe craniocerebral trauma were also analyzed.Result Among the 96 patients,25 cases suffered intramuscular calf vein thrombosis(observation group)and 71 cases did not(control group),and the incidence rate of intramuscular calf vein thrombosis was 26.04%(25/96).Univariate analysis showed that there were significant differences in age,hypertension,coronary heart disease,activated partial thromboplastin time(APTT),time from injury to admission,time from injury to operation,and operation time between the two groups(P<0.05).The results of multivariate analysis showed that age,hypertension,coronary heart disease,APTT,time from injury to admission,time from injury to operation,and operation time were the risk factors for intramuscular calf vein thrombosis after severe traumatic brain injury(P<0.05).Conclusion Age,hypertension,coronary heart disease,APTT,time from injury to admission,time from injury to operation,and operation time were all risk factors for intramuscular calf vein thrombosis after severe craniocerebral trauma.These factors should be highly valued in clinical work,to reduce the incidence of various postoperative thrombosis and improve the surgical success rate.