Teach back护理模式结合健康宣教对主动脉夹层患者心理及生活质量的影响

Impact of Teach back nursing mode combined with health education on psychology and life quality of the patients with aortic dissection

目的探究Teach back护理模式结合健康宣教对主动脉夹层(aortic dissection,AD)患者心理及生活质量的影响。方法选取2019年1月至2020年1月于青海省心脑血管病专科医院接受治疗的98例患者作为研究对象,根据随机数字表法将其随机分为对照组和观察组,各49例。对照组患者采用健康宣教的方式进行干预,观察组患者在对照组的基础上实施Teach back护理模式。干预1个月后,记录2组患者的并发症发生率,并采用视觉模拟评分法(visual analogue scale,VAS)评估患者的疼痛程度;比较干预前及干预1个月后2组患者的焦虑和抑郁情绪、自我护理能力和生活质量。结果干预期间,观察组患者的伤口出血、疼痛、体征(血压、心率)不稳、急性肾衰等并发症发生率低于对照组,VAS评分也更低(P<0.05),观察组患者的伤口出血、疼痛、体征不稳、急性肾衰并发症发生率分别为2.04%、2.04%、4.08%和0,VAS评分为(2.39±0.35)分;对照组对应的各项指标分别为10.20%、12.24%、14.28%、10.20%和(4.39±1.12)分。干预后,观察组患者的汉密尔顿焦虑量表(Hamilton anxiety scale,HAMA)和汉密尔顿抑郁量表(Hamilton depression scale,HAMD)评分更低,各项自我护理能力实施量表(exercise of self-care agency,ESCA)评分和世界卫生组织生存质量测定量表简表(World Health Organisation quality of life-bnief,WHO QOL-BREF)评分均显著高于对照组(P<0.05),差异具有统计学意义。结论采用Teach back护理模式结合健康宣教能够降低AD患者的并发症发生率,改善负面情绪,提高自护能力和生存质量。该种联合教育模式简单易行,具有临床应用前景。

Objective To investigate the impact of Teach-Back nursing mode combined with health education on psychology and life quality of the patients with aortic dissection(AD).Methods 98 patients who received treatment in the hospital from January 2019 to January 2020 were selected as the research subjects,and they were randomly divided into the control and study groups,each consisting of 49 patients.The patients in the control group were intervened with health education,while the patients in the observation group were additionally given the Teach back nursing mode intervention.Three months after intervention,the rates of complications were recorded for the two groups,and the seriousness of pain was assessed by visual analogue scale(VAS).Before intervention and 3 months after intervention,the anxiety and depression,self-care capacity and life quality were assessed in the patients of the 2 groups.Results During intervention,the rates of complications,i.e.wound bleeding,pain,unstable vital signs,acute renal failure in the observation group decreased obviously as compared with those of the control group,and the VAS scores were also lower(P<0.05).The rates of wound bleeding,pain,unstable vital signs,acute renal failure in the observation group were respectively 2.04%,2.04%,4.08%and 0,and the VAS scores were(2.39±0.35),while corresponding indicators in the control group were respectively 10.20%,12.24%,14.28%,10.20%and(4.39±1.12).After intervention,the HAMA and HAMA scores of the observation group were much lower than those of the control group,the ESCA scores and the scores of WHO QOL-BREF for the observation group were obvious higher than those for the control group,with statistical significance(P<0.05).Conclusion Teach-Back nursing mode combined with health education could reduce the rates of complications,improve negative emotions and increase self-care capacity and life quality of the patients with aortic dissection.This combined education mode is simple and easily applicable,therefore,it promises good clinical application.