基于汉语动补结构的事件融合研究--以“V回”结构表征宏事件为例

The Event Integration of Chinese Verb-Complement Structures:A Case Study of“V hui”Encoding Macro-Events

动补结构是表征宏事件的主要句法形式之一。当前有关讨论集中于语言类型学,较少探究框架事件和副事件的事件融合。本文基于语料库实证研究,以“V回”表征宏事件为案例,考察动补结构中框架事件和副事件发生事件融合的事件关系、语义维度和认知模式。研究发现:1)框架事件和副事件主要基于原因、方式、基底和构成四类事件关系发生事件融合;2)两个事件的事件融合主要涉及时间融合、空间融合、指称融合、意向性、控制和压制力六个语义维度,事件融合的紧密度连续统由紧密至松散可以概括为:自主运动事件/非施事性状态变化事件>致使运动事件/施事性状态变化事件/实现事件>行动关联事件;3)在注意分布的认知驱动下,动补结构的事件融合呈现多样化。本文从事件融合的视角阐释了动补结构表征宏事件的能产性。

Verb-complement structures function as one of the primary syntactic forms for encoding macro-events in Chinese.However,previous studies on macro-events mainly focus on linguistic typology while few involve the integration of framing events and co-events.Through a corpus-based empirical approach,this paper aims to pinpoint the event relations,semantic dimensions and cognitive mechanisms of the event integration in macro-events encoded by verb-complement structure“V hui”.The results indicate that:(1)Co-events integrate with framing events in terms of cause,manner,substrate and constitutive as four event relations.(2)The event integration in macro-events is based on six semantic dimensions,including temporal integration,spatial integration,referential integration,intentionality,control and coercive power.The compactness continuum from strong to weak can be generalized as self-motion event/non-agentive state change event>agentive motion event/agentive state change event/realization event>action correlating event.(3)Driven by windowing of attention mechanism,the event integration of verb-complement structure comprises multiple patterns.The paper may shed lights on the productivity of verb-complement structures in encoding macro-events from the perspective of event integration.