基于江南医派疫病思想探索中医药干预新冠病毒变异毒株的“防-治-养”模式

Prevention,Treatment,and Recuperation of Infection with SARS-CoV-2 Variants by Traditional Chinese Medicine Based on Idea of Epidemic Prevention of Jiangnan Medical School

江南自古多疫情,各地方医派具有丰富的防疫经验,其以虞山医派、吴门医派及钱塘医派为代表,历代医家从传承《伤寒论》到发展温病学说,闻名于世。江南医家秉承寒温一体思想,结合江南地域、气候及患者体质等因素,灵活变通仲景之说,以温病补充、羽翼伤寒,而非将两者割裂,对疫病的防治具有重要指导意义。正因如此,我国防治新型冠状病毒肺炎(COVID-19)临床疗效确切,然具有强传染性、强致病力和免疫逃逸等特性的德尔塔、奥密克戎等新型冠状病毒变异毒株仍不断出现,给全球疫情防治带来了持续的困难与挑战。为此,本课题组系统梳理江南医派对疫病的防治思路及回顾COVID-19中医治疗方案的演变过程,结合我国防治新型冠状病毒及近期针对德尔塔、奥密克绒等变异毒株的预防、治疗、康复指导等相关经验,并综合现代中药药理研究下中医药防治新型冠状病毒肺炎内在的可能机制,以江南医派防治疫病思路为指导,探索中医药对新型冠状病毒变异毒株的干预措施:未病先防,既病施治,瘥后防复,以寒温并用的“防-治-养”结合全程防治模式,为未来可能持续出现新的变异毒株防治提供指导思路,也使得中医疫病学在新的挑战中寻求发展。

Because of the frequent occurrence of epidemics in Jiangnan since ancient times,the local medical schools have accumulated rich experience in epidemic prevention,among which Yushan medical school,Wumen medical school,and Qiantang medical school are famous.The physicians have inherited the theory in Treatise on Cold Damage Diseases and developed the therapies for febrile diseases.Adhering to the idea of integrating cold and febrile diseases,the physicians in Jiangnan flexibly adapt ZHANG Zhongjing's theory by combining regional climate,patient physique and other factors to explain the pathogenesis,which is of great significance for the prevention and treatment of epidemics.Therefore,traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)has demonstrated good curative effect on coronavirus disease-2019(COVID-19)in China.However,the SARSCoV-2 variants(Delta and Omicron)characterized by strong infectivity,pathogenicity,and immune escape capacity keep emerging,which bring great challenges to the global prevention and control of this pandemic.To this end,we studied the ways of Jiangnan medical school for the prevention and treatment of epidemics,reviewed the evolution of TCM treatment protocols for COVID-19,and summarized China's experience in fighting against the emerging SARS-CoV-2 variants.Further,we explored the measures of TCM in treating SARS-CoV-2 variants from prevention,treatment,and rehabilitation according to the theory for epidemic prevention of Jiangnan medical school.This paper provides reference for the prevention and treatment of emerging SARS-CoV-2 variant and facilitates the development of TCM epidemiology.