淡水环境中微塑料对微生物耐药性的影响

Effect of microplastics on antibiotic resistance of microorganisms in freshwater environment

微塑料和抗生素抗性基因(ARGs)作为2种主要的新兴污染物,在水生环境中共存,两者之间相互作用形成的复合污染日益引起人们的关注。微塑料可以选择性富集周围环境中的微生物和ARGs,形成生物膜,为ARGs提供潜在宿主。微塑料形成的独特“塑料圈”对于了解淡水环境中微塑料的形态和ARGs传递至关重要。本文重点综述了微塑料选择性富集水体中ARGs和微生物群落,讨论了微塑料表面抗性基因水平转移的机制,对未来淡水中微塑料及ARGs相关研究的重点方向进行了展望,以促进科学解决微塑料污染。

As two major types of pollutants of emerging concerns,microplastics and antibiotic resistance genes(ARGs)coexist in aquatic environments,and their interactions are a source of increasing concern.Microplastics can enrich unique bacterial communities,form biofilms and absorb pollutants from the surrounding environment,providing potential hosts for ARGs.The“Plastisphere”formed by microplastics are essential for understanding the morphology and transfer of ARGs in freshwater environments.In this review,we focus on the selective enrichment of ARGs and microbial communities in water bodies by microplastics,discuss the mechanisms of horizontal transfer of resistance genes on the surface of microplastics,and provide an outlook on the future directions of research related to microplastics and ARGs in freshwater in order to promote scientific solutions to microplastic pollution.