蒙镶工艺的田野调查--以呼和浩特“众合泰”蒙镶工艺传承人为调研对象

Fieldwork study of Mongolian Inlay Techniques--A case study of the inheritors of"Zhonghetai"in Hohhot

蒙镶是蒙古族贵金属镶嵌工艺风格的简称,蒙镶工艺,是采用金属浮雕、圆雕、透雕等雕刻工艺技法,将镶嵌素面绿松石、玛瑙、珊瑚和孔雀石等玉石装饰材料固定在托架(亦称镶口)上,这种结合雕刻与镶嵌工艺所形成的具有蒙古族文化特色的金属加工工艺即是蒙镶工艺。在内蒙古地区,这种颇具民族特点与地域特点的传统金属加工工艺,自蒙元延续至今,依然受到蒙古族民众的喜爱。作为非物质文化遗产,在今天高速发展的时代,仍有从事蒙镶工艺的传承人活跃在民间,实属难得。本文即是为记录他们传承发展蒙镶工艺现状的实录,旨在为后来研究者留下第一手资料,亦是对所有非遗传承人甘守寂寞、无言奉献的工匠精神的致敬。

Mongolian inlay techniques refer to Mongolian craft style within which the methods of metal carving,round carving or piercing carving are applied to set decorative materials such as turquoise,agate,coral and malachite jade on the bracket(also known as set).The combination of carving and inlay in the process of metal crafting and decoration,with Inner Mongolia regional culture and Mongolian ethnic culture characteristics,is called the Mongolian inlay.In Inner Mongolia,this traditional metal processing process,with both national and regional characteristics,once reached its climax in the historical period of Yuan Dynasty.Till this day,it is still loved by the Mongolian people.As an intangible cultural heritage,in the era of rapid development,it is a relief to be able to witness active inheritors engaged in Mongolian inlay technology.This paper is a record of their inheritance and development of Mongolian craftsmanship.Besides the purpose of leaving first-hand material for later researchers,it is also a tribute to the lonely and silent dedication of all the intangible cultural inheritors.