1-丁烯聚合制备润滑油基础油

Preparation of Lubricant Base Oil by 1-Butene Polymerization

为了扩宽聚α-烯烃合成润滑油基础油(PAO)的原料来源,以1-丁烯为原料,对TiCl_(4)催化体系与阳离子AlCl_(3)体系下制备润滑油基础油的两步聚合工艺进行了研究,考察了反应条件对聚合反应结果及产品性能的影响。实验结果表明:通过两步法合成的产品综合性能较AlCl_(3)一步法合成的明显提高。较佳的工艺条件为:第一步聚合的催化剂TiCl_(4)用量为2%(质量分数,基于1-丁烯的质量)、AlEt_(2)Cl为助催化剂、铝钛物质的量比为1.0,反应温度为85℃,压力为1-丁烯在此温度下的饱和蒸汽压,反应时间为2 h;第二步聚合的催化剂为AlCl_(3),催化剂用量为2%(质量分数,基于二步聚合起始原料),反应温度为50℃,聚合3 h。在此条件下得到的产品黏度约为30 mm^(2)/s,黏度指数达126,倾点为-33℃。

In order to broaden the source of raw materials for poly α-olefin synthetic lube base oil, the two-step polymerization process for preparing lubricant base oil in TiCl_(4) catalytic system and cationic AlCl_(3) system was studied using 1-butene as raw material. Effects of reaction conditions on the polymerization result and product properties were investigated. The experimental results showed that the comprehensive gen of the product synthesized by the two-step method under the optimal process conditions was significantly better than that synthesized by one-step method with AlCl_(3)catalyst. The optimal conditions of the two-step polymerization were that the amount of TiCl_(4) was 2%(based on the mass of 1-butene), the co-catalyst was AlEt_(2)Cl, the molar ratio of Al to Ti was 1.0, the reaction temperature was 85 ℃, the pressure was the saturated vapor pressure of 1-butene at this temperature and the reaction time was 2 h in the first step. And in the second step, the catalyst was AlCl_(3), the amount of catalyst was 2%(based on the starting materials for the two-step polymerization), the temperature was 50 ℃ and the reaction lasted for 3 h. The viscosity of the product obtained under the optimal conditions was about 30 mm^(2)/s, the viscosity index was 126 and the pour point was-33 ℃.