精明收缩视角下陕北沟壑区小流域乡村聚落优化策略研究——以清平川小流域为例

Research on the Optimization Strategy of Rural Settlements in Small Watersheds in the Gully Area of Northern Shaanxi from the Perspective of Smart Shrinkage:A Case of the Small Watershed of Qingpingchuan

目前,伴随乡村人口流失而出现的乡村空废、资源闲置等乡村衰退问题愈发凸显,而精明收缩可以为乡村收缩式发展提供理论指引。小流域是陕北地区广泛存在的自然地理单元,本文以清平川小流域为研究对象,在对流域区段进行划分的基础上,对比和归纳小流域在人口、产业、居住空间三个方面的收缩特征,并分析了流域聚落空间收缩的内在机制。最后,从整体和单元两个层面提出各有侧重的优化策略,其中整体层面强调对聚落规模、等级结构、中心社区布局等系统性要素的收缩引导和优化,单元层面则侧重对用地的减量规划和产业、公共设施等要素的适量供给。

At present,with the loss of rural population,the problems of rural air waste and idle resources are becoming more and more prominent.In this context,the optimization of rural settlements can take smart shrinkage,that is,rural shrinkage development as a theoretical guide.Small watershed is a widely existing natural geographical unit in Northern Shaanxi.Taking the small watershed of Qingpingchuan as the specific object,on the basis of dividing the watershed sections,this paper compares and summarizes the shrinkage characteristics of small watersheds from three aspects of population,industry and residential space,and analyzes the internal mechanism for the space shrinkage of watershed settlement.Finally,optimization strategies with different emphasis are put forward from the overall and unit levels.Among them,the overall level emphasizes the guidance and optimization for the shrinkage of systemic elements,such as settlement scale,hierarchical structure,and central community layout,while the unit level focuses on the reduction of land use planning and the appropriate supply of elements,such as industries and public facilities.