通辽地区玉米天气指数保险研究与设计

Research and Design of Corn Weather Index Insurance in Tongliao Area

通辽地区是我国北方玉米重要产区之一,极端天气较多,严重影响农业生产。利用1989—2020年通辽地区3个气象站降水及同期玉米产量资料,设计了通辽地区玉米单因子和多因子的天气指数保险。结果表明:奈曼旗干旱灾害风险等级最高。通辽地区玉米干旱指数纯保费为343.98~386.59元/hm^(2),玉米干旱指数保险的触发值为-0.79。玉米生育期内,只有降水量、气温、日照时数在适宜值范围内,气象产量才达到最高。此外,玉米产量与降水量、气温、日照时数不是线性关系。通辽地区综合指数保险赔付触发值为8752.5 kg/hm^(2)(气象产量),玉米多因子的综合天气指数纯保费为590.02元/hm^(2)。

As one of the important corn producing areas in northern China,Tongliao area has more extreme weather,which seriously affects agricultural production.Based on the precipitation data of three meteorological stations in Tongliao area from 1989 to 2020 and the corn yield data in the same period,the single factor and multi-factor weather index insurances for corn in Tongliao area were designed.The results showed that the risk level of drought disaster in Naiman Banner was the highest.The pure premium of corn drought index in Tongliao area was 343.98-386.59 yuan/hm^(2),and the trigger value of corn drought index insurance was-0.79.During the growth period of corn,the meteorological yield reached the highest only when the precipitation,temperature and sunshine hours were within the appropriate range.In addition,the relationship between corn yield and precipitation,temperature and sunshine hours was not linear.The trigger value of insurance compensation of comprehensive index in Tongliao area was 8752.5 kg/hm^(2)(meteorological yield),and the pure premium of multi-factor comprehensive weather index of corn was 590.02 yuan/hm^(2).