龚自珍“性灵”思想的新变及诗歌创作

New Changes to Gong Zizheng’s Passionist Ideas and His Poetic Creation

龚自珍的性灵理论主要包括“尊情说”和“童心说”两方面内容,虽然继承了李贽、公安“三袁”和袁枚等人的思想传统,却注入了新的时代内涵:鼓吹个性解放、开启思想启蒙、倡导匡时济世,从而体现出性灵理论之新变。龚自珍把性灵思想落实到诗歌创作实践中,在诗歌中抒发与国事相关的忧患之情,扩展了情感的广度与深度;在作品中展现出叛逆精神,追求个性解放。龚自珍的性灵思想及其创作对梁启超、黄遵宪、柳亚子及鲁迅均产生了重要影响,为性灵文学的健康发展提供了重要参照。

The passionist theory of Gong Zizheng mainly included two aspects:the emotion-first concept and the child’s innocence concept.Although deriving from the ideological tradition of Li Zhi,the three Yuans of Gong’an and Yuan Mei,passionism had new contemporary connotation:advocating personal liberation,welcoming enlightenment,guiding the society and helping the people.In these ideas lay the new changes to passionism.To his poetic creation Gong Zizheng applied passionist ideas,expressing his worries for the troubled country and the people in need,thus expanding his emotions in both width and depth.Moreover Gong Zizheng voiced his rebelling spirit for personal liberation in his works.The passionist ideas of Gong Zizheng and their application to his poetry had great influence on Liang Qichao,Huang Zunxian,Liu Yazi and Lu Xun and provided significant reference for healthy development of passionist literature.