西南联大科研育人的实践形态、条件保障及其当代启示

The Practice Form and Conditions Guarantee of“Talent Cultivation through Research”in National Southwest Associated University and Their Contemporary Significance

在严酷的战争环境和贫乏的物质条件下,西南联大及其教师群体通过探究式的课堂教学、学术主导的课外师生交往、“同游式”的学术实践、潜移默化的学术氛围熏陶等多种形态开展科研育人实践,取得了举世瞩目的育人成就。教师坚定的教育救国信念、强大的师资队伍、师生充分的教学与学习投入、相对自由的教学制度等主客观因素为联大的科研育人实践提供了有力支撑。西南联大的科研育人经验无法提供通用的实践方案,但给我们以下启示:要通过言传、身教、氛围熏陶等多种方式开展科研育人;还要弱化科研评价的功利化导向,激励师生加大教学和学习投入,为科研育人实践提供保障。

Despite the harsh environment of war and poor material supply,both the faculty and the students of National Southwest Associated University(NSAU,1937-1946)accomplished teaching objectives through inquiry-based classroom teaching,academic research led extra-curricular exchanges,"jointtravel"academic practice,and unperceivable immersion of academic atmosphere to stun the world with great academic achievements and emergence of outstanding scholars and scientists.The firm belief to save motherland through education,a resourceful teaching faculty,full commitment of both the teachers and the students,and the comparatively free teaching mode were among the reasons underlying the successful practice of“talent cultivation through research”of NSAU.Although it may not be possible to sum up some universally practical formula for today,the“talent cultivation through research”practice of NSAU gives us the following revelation:the talent cultivation through research program should be practiced by means of a number of methods,such as examples of the teachers and immersion of an appropriate atmosphere;and weight of too much material benefits should be lifted from evaluation of academic research to encourage both the faculty and the students to devote themselves to research.