波形反演在天然气水合物中的应用研究进展

Application of full waveform inversion to gas hydrate research

含水合物地层的地球物理异常响应(包括似海底反射、纵波速度倒转、弹性参数异常等)是天然气水合物存在的直接证据之一,全波形反演作为一种高精度的速度建模及成像手段,也在含水合物地层的识别方面发挥了重要作用。国内外相关研究成果表明,针对含水合物地层的波形反演,涉及正演模拟方法、震源子波、初始模型、目标函数以及优化算法等多项关键技术。本文在大量文献调研的基础上,阐述了波形反演对刻画含水合物地层的技术优势,归纳总结了适用于含水合物地层的波形反演流程,为后续的研究工作提供了基础思路,同时提出多参数联合反演在未来具有广阔的应用前景。

The geophysical responses to the hydrate bearing formations,such as BSR,velocity reversion of P wave,elastic parameter anomalies,etc.are indicators of the existence of gas hydrates.Full waveform inversion used as a high-precision velocity modeling and imaging method,also played an important role in the identification of hydrate bearing formations.Relevant research results suggest that the waveform inversion of hydrate bearing formations involves a number of key techniques,such as forward simulation methods,source wavelets,initial models,objective functions,and optimization algorithms.Based on the investigations of literatures,this paper expounded the technical advantages of waveform inversion for characterizing hydrate bearing formations,summarized the waveform inversion process suitable for hydrate bearing formations,and provided some basic ideas for subsequent research.It is proposed that multi-parameter inversion has broad application prospects in the future.