基于场景理论的老旧社区户外空间改造后评价——以上海闵行区“美丽家园”建设为例

Landscape Assessment on Old Residential Outdoor Space Retrofit from the Scenes Theory:A Study in"Beautiful Homes"Projects of Shanghai Minhang

老旧社区作为城市更新及社区治理的重要抓手,其户外空间更新改造实践正在全国全面铺开,然而其研究理论尚不深入。研究以2018年上海闵行“美丽家园”老旧社区改造为实证案例,引入“生活场景”的理念与方法,从供需平衡、适老化、易感要素的角度构建老旧社区户外空间改造理论模型,运用AHP层次分析法构建生活场景下老旧社区户外空间改造后的评价体系。结果表明,老旧社区的车行道与停车位的合理性、步行道的通畅性与舒适性、户外活动场地与活动设施的多样性与户外空间改造质量的关联性较强,交通化的资源配置成为户外空间生活场景消失的重要因素。基于生活场景理论,塑造合理便捷的交通、完善的步行系统、多样的休憩设施、共生的活动场地与活动设施、邻里空间的场景,可以逐步构建老旧社区的户外生活场景。首次结合生活场景理论进行老旧社区户外空间改造后的评价研究,对老旧社区更新的理论与实践具有重要的借鉴意义。

Old residential area as an important way of urban renewal and community governance,the outdoor space renovation practice is being rolled out across the country,but the theory is not yet in-depth research.Research by 2018 Shanghai Minhang"beautiful homes"old community transformation for the empirical case,introduce the concept of"life"and the method,from people’s behavior,cognitive,and the perspective of environmental elements build old community outdoor space transformation theory model,using the analytic hierarchy process(AHP)to construct life scenarios old community outdoor space after transforming evaluation system,provides scientific theory and practice guidance for the old community transformation.The results show that,appropriate roadways and parking space,unobstructed and comfortable walkways,rich outdoor activities and activity facilities have strong correlation with reconstruction quality,traffic of old community resources configuration is a big problem for the life scenes,from the life theory,shaping reasonable and convenient transportation,complete pedestrian system,a variety of recreation facilities,symbiotic activity venues and facilities,friendly neighborhood space scene,improve old community outdoor space gradually.Assessment on old residential outdoor space retrofit from the scenes theory firstly,has the important reference value for the theory and practice of old residential outdoor space retrofit.