铃木大拙对道家“自然”概念的阐发

Suzuki Daisetz’s Interpretation of Taoist Concept of Ziran

“自然”概念为道家所创,其在中国传统思想和语言中的基本含义是“自己如此”“自然而然”等。近代以后,上述传统含义发生改变,出现了“自然界”的意义。“自然”概念的这种演变也发生在近代日本。在“自然”的传统意义开始变化的背景下,铃木大拙自觉继承道家的“自然”概念并在近代语境下对其进行阐发。他强调道家式的表示状态的“自然”,并用“如其所是”揭示其意义。他重视主体的“自然”,并以“无我”“无心”诠释之,这也成为其禅学觉悟理论的基础。铃木大拙的自然主义既与道家的“自然”观念一脉相承,也蕴含着他从日本近代文化视角作出的独特诠解,丰富了道家“自然”概念的内涵。

The concept of Ziran was created by Taoism,whose basic meaning in traditional Chinese thought and language is “such as oneself” and “natural”.Since modern times,the above traditional meaning has changed and the meaning of “natural” has appeared.This evolution of the concept of Ziran also occurred in modern Japan.Against the background that the traditional meaning of Ziran began to change,Suzuki Daisetz consciously inherited the Taoist concept of Ziran and expounded it in the modern context.He emphasizes the Taoist expression of Ziran as a state and reveals its meaning “as it is.” He attaches importance to Ziran of the subject and interprets it as “no self” and “unintentionally”,which also becomes the basis of his Zen consciousness theory.Suzuki Daisetz’s naturalism is not only in line with the Taoist concept of Ziran,but also contains his unique interpretation from the perspective of modern Japanese culture,which enriches the connotation of the Taoist concept of Ziran.