基于肌束结构的仿生高性能抗缺陷聚氨酯

High-Performance Crack-Resistant Polyurethane Inspired by Muscle Bundles

骨骼肌由束状排列的肌肉纤维构成,这种独特的纤维结构使得骨骼肌能够承受很大的载荷,并具备出众的抗疲劳特性和抗缺陷能力。利用氨纶纤维和聚氨酯弹性体,制备了基于肌束结构的仿生聚氨酯复合材料,并且详细表征了材料的力学性能、断裂特性和抗疲劳性能,以及纤维排布方式对于材料性能的影响。在强界面相互作用存在的前提下,弹性纤维可以有效抑制裂纹在基体中的扩展,进而在有缺口或裂纹产生时,材料仍可以具备很强的力学性能。该仿生设计方法可以很容易地扩展到其他材料体系当中,为制备低填充量的纤维增强材料提供新的设计思路。

Skeletal muscle was composed of muscle fibers arranged in bundles.This unique fibrous structure enabled skeletal muscle to withstand high loads and obtained outstanding anti-fatigue properties and crack resistance.Herein,spandex fibers and polyurethane elastomers were used to prepare a biomimetic composite with the similar structure to the muscle bundle.This work has characterized the mechanical properties,fracture properties and fatigue fracture resistance of the material,as well as the effect of fiber arrangement on the material properties.With the strong interfacial interaction,elastic fibers can effectively inhibit the propagation of cracks in the matrix,therefore,the material can retain good mechanical properties even when there are notches or cracks.This biomimetic design idea can be well extended to other material systems,providing a new design strategy for the preparation of low-filling-content fiber-reinforced composites.