基于数学模型的重庆居民健身状况调查研究

Investigation study on fitness status of Chongqing residents based on mathematical model

目的探讨居民特征与健身行为的关系,以及居民健身行为的影响因素。寻求激发居民健身行为的有效途径,以期帮助居民形成良好的运动习惯,促进身心健康发展。方法以重庆市18~65岁年龄段的居民作为研究对象,精心设计了15项调查问卷内容,涉及被访人员的性别、年龄、婚姻状况、子女情况、文化程度、职业状况、参加体育锻炼的频率、参加的体育活动项目等多项核心指标。在分析过程中,利用图表直观展示居民的健身基本情况,并利用logistic回归模型研究居民项目选择的影响因素。结果重庆健身居民健身时长多为30~60 min(占41.48%),健身目的多为强身健体(占63.57%)、保持身材(占42.50%),健身支出金额普遍不高。不同的项目参与者在性别、健身时间段、健身频次、健身目的、每周健身时长等方面有明显区分,各个项目的生活状态不同,例如大球项目的参与者多为男性,年龄21~35岁,每次健身时间60 min以上。结论不同健身项目参与者在性别、年龄、健身频率、健身目的、健身时间段、健身时长等综合了个人基本情况、生活状态、健身需求的因素上有明显区分。各项目适合的生活状态不同,例如跑步、健身房项目和小球运动仍然是男性和女性最为喜欢的体育锻炼活动项目,球类运动项目受到男生欢迎;主要以个人单独锻炼和朋友共同锻炼为主。

Objective To explore the relationship between Chongqing residents′characteristics and fitness behavior,and the influencing factors of fitness behavior.A and to seek effective ways to motivate residents′fitness behavior and so as to help residents form good exercise habits and improve the development of physical and mental health.Methods Residents aged 18~65 in Chongqing were selected as research objects.A 15-items questionnaire was carefully designed,involving the gender,age,marital status,children′s situation,education background,occupation status,frequency of physical exercise,sports activities and other key indicators of the interviewees.In the process of analysis,the basic situation of residents′fitness was illustrated intuitively with the help of charts,and the influencing factors of residents′project selection were analyzed by logistic regression model.Results The residents in Chongqing mostly spent 30~60 minutes(41.48%)on fitness,with purposes of fitness was to be body build(63.57%)and keep fit(42.50%).The amount of fitness expenditure was generally not high.Participants in different projects were obviously differentiated in terms of gender,fitness period,fitness frequency,fitness purpose,weekly fitness duration,etc.,and the life status of each project was different.For example,participants of the big-ball project were mostly male,aged between 21 and 35,and the fitness time was more than 60 minutes each time.Conclusion Participants of different fitness projects have obvious differences in gender,age,fitness frequency,fitness purpose,fitness period,fitness duration and other factors that combine personal basic situation,life status and fitness needs.Different sports are suitable for different life status,such as running,gym exercises and ball sports are still the most favorite sports activities among men and women,and ball sports are especially popular among boys.Mainly with the individual alone exercise and friends exercise together.