国际比较视角下中国优化营商环境的探索

Explore China’s Optimization of Business Environment from the Perspective of International Comparison

营商环境涉及社会、政治、法律等影响市场主体活动的各方面因素。在当前我国深化改革全面开放推动经济高质量发展的背景下,遵循市场经济法则优化营商环境是我国经济防范危机、应对衰退、突破困境、稳健前行的战略目标和重要举措。近年来,随着我国“放管服”改革的推进,我国营商环境有了极大改善,在营商环境建设方面积累了很多经验,但对标世界一流营商环境,我国在企业经营活动和宏观政策条件两个方面还存在较大差距,市场主体获得感不强。为进一步优化营商环境,我国应对标国际一流水平,一方面学习借鉴发达经济体营商环境建设经验,另一方面推动我国营商环境国际化进程,提升我国吸引外资的竞争力。具体而言,当前我国优化营商环境的重点有四:一是培育市场意识,充分了解市场、熟悉市场、尊重市场、敬畏市场;二是确立平等观念,公平对待所有市场主体,对所有市场主体坚持权利平等、机会平等、规则平等、待遇平等,实现竞争中性;三是建设相关法规制度,加强宣传和落实,构建法治政府,切实提高依法行政水平;四是基于中国国情构建中国营商环境评价体系,客观反映各地发展实际,切实推动各地营商环境建设。

Business environment is related to social,political and legal factors that have impact on the activities of market main players. Under the background of China’s deepening reform,all-round opening up,and promoting high-quality economic development,optimizing business environment based on market rules is the strategic target and important measures for us to prevent crisis,respond to recession,breakthrough dilemma,and steadily move forward. In recent years,with the reform to streamline administration and delegate power,improve regulation,and upgrade services,China’s business environment has been improved significantly,and we has obtain many experiences in the construction of business environment. But,comparing to the first class business environment in the world,we still lag behind in both enterprises’ operation and macro policy condition;and market entities’ fulfillment is not strong enough. To further optimize business environment,China should be in line with worldclass standards:on one hand,learn from the experiences of the advanced economies in constructing business environment;on the other hand,promote the internationalization process of China’s business environment,and improve our competitiveness in attracting foreign capital. Specifically speaking,there are four key points in optimizing business environment in China:first,cultivate market consciousness,fully understand,know well,respect,and revere the market;second,establish the concept of equality,treat all the market entities fairly,and adhere to the equality of right,opportunity,rule,and treatment to realize competitive neutrality;third,formulate related rules and regulations,strengthen publicity and implementation,establish lawbased government,and improve the level of law-based government administration;and fourth,formulate the evaluation system for business environment according to China’s current situation,objectively reflect the development reality in different regions,and firmly promote the construction of business environment in different regions.