论《红楼梦》中秦可卿情节的叙述结构和主题意义

On the Narrative Structure and Thematic Significance of QIN Keqing’s Plot in A Dream of Red Mansions

秦可卿的故事是《红楼梦》第一大关节,大致可分为生前和死后两部分,除秦可卿外,涉及到贾珍、王熙凤、秦钟和贾宝玉等。这些人物及其相互关系,贯彻了一个核心主题——情,具体表现为由情生淫,由淫生乱至亡,又由亡发展出救弊,再至弄权,终至整体覆亡的演变过程。情主题又具体分化为两个层面,一是家族层面,一是个人层面。家族层面的情主题,以秦可卿、王熙凤等的行为为中心;个人层面的情主题,以秦钟、贾宝玉等的行为为中心。这样,有关秦可卿的情节便形成了横轴、纵轴、纵深轴相互作用、三位一体的结构模式。秦可卿及秦钟应是主题型的线索性人物,由其先行敷衍出《红楼梦》的核心主题,引出荷载主题的中心人物。

The plot of QIN Keqing is the first joint of A Dream of Red Mansions. It can be roughly divided into two parts: living and death. In addition to QIN Keqing, it mainly writes about JIA Zhen, WANG Xifeng, QIN Zhong and JIA Baoyu. These characters and their related relationships mainly implement a core theme-passion, which is the derivation process from passion to lust, from lust to bad chaos to death, from death to rescue and reform, then to power, and finally to the overall collapse. The passion theme is divided into two levels, one is the family level and the other is the personal level. The family level passion theme is mainly centered on QIN Keqing, WANG Xifeng and other behaviors, and the personal level passion theme is mainly centered on QIN Zhong, JIA Baoyu and other behaviors. Including the linear expansion of plot development, the plot of QIN Keqing forms the structural logic of the interaction of horizontal axis, vertical axis and depth axis. It can be seen that QIN Keqing and QIN Zhong should be thematic clues. They first perfunctorily reveal the core theme of A Dream of Red Mansions, and then lead to the central figure who undertakes the theme.