高校扩招促进代际流动了吗

Does College Enrollment Expansion Promote Intergenerational Mobility

研究利用中国综合社会调查(CGSS)数据,考察了高校扩招政策的代际流动效应。结果发现:第一,高校扩招促进了代际绝对流动但未促进代际相对流动;第二,高校扩招通过增加大学入学机会提高代际向上流动机会,扩招后上大学概率增加了13.4%;第三,高校扩招对代际向上流动影响存在区域及家庭背景异质性,对底层家庭及农村等经济欠发达地区代际向上流动促进效应较为有限。因此,政府应给予落后地区及贫困家庭教育优惠政策,加大教育经费支持力度并优化教育资源配置。公平的教育资源与机会是开放社会和流动社会的重要保障。

Using data from China s General Social Survey,this paper studies the intergenerational mobility effect of college enrollment expansion policies.The study found that:first,the expansion of enrollment promoted absolute intergenerational mobility but did not promote relative mobility;second,the expansion of enrollment increased the opportunities for intergenerational upward mobility by improving college admissions opportunities,and the probability of going to college increased by 13.4%after expansion;third,there are regional and family background heterogeneity in the impact of college enrollment expansion on intergenerational upward mobility,and the promotion effect on intergenerational upward mobility in lower-class families and rural areas with less developed economies is limited.The government should give educational preferential policies to backward areas and poor families,increase educational funding support and optimize the allocation of educational resources.Equitable educational resources and opportunities are important guarantees for an open and a mobile society.