中国八大区域经济绿色发展转型:动力差异与结构分解

The Economic Green Development Transformation of China’s Eight Regions:Dynamic Mechanism and Structural Decomposition

随着生态文明建设的深入推进,加快经济绿色发展转型已成为实现中国高质量发展的内在需求和鲜明特色。在生态文明约束下基于强可持续理念中环境福利非减性的发展诉求,构建MEBM-Luenberger经济绿色发展转型的研究框架,引入偏向性技术进步视角,从总体增长、要素投入和生态全要素生产率(ETFP)增长等三个维度对中国八大区域经济绿色发展转型的动力差异进行识别,进而运用方差分解揭示其动力差异的结构来源,助推中国八大区域经济绿色发展转型。研究发现:2001—2018年中国经济年均增长11.26%,要素投入是其主要动因,呈现以“环境建设—物质资本—清洁能源—非清洁能源—人力资本”贡献度依次递减,但以中性技术进步驱动的ETFP增长的贡献率在不断提高。八大区域经济增速呈现东南沿海向西北内陆梯度递减趋势,物质资本、人力资本和非清洁能源等要素投入是其主要动力,而ETFP增长的贡献率持续提高,且在黄河中游和西南地区较大,在西北和南部沿海地区较小。中国经济绿色发展转型动力差异的结构分解中,以环境建设为主的要素投入差异和以效率变动为主的ETFP增长差异是主要成因。沿海地区以环境建设要素投入差异为主,而内陆地区对ETFP增长差异相对敏感。同时,偏向性技术进步差异存在扩大趋势是导致ETFP增长动力差异的重要因素。

With the implementation of the ecological civilization,accelerating the economic green development transformation has become the internal demand and bright background for China’s high-quality development.Under the constraints of ecological civilization,this article attempts to construct a research framework for economic green development transformation of MEBM-Luenberger model based on the non-decreasing development demands of environmental welfare from the concept of strong sustainability,and introduces a biased technological progress to identify the dynamic differences of economic green development transitions from three dimensions of eight regions in China,including overall growth,factor inputs and ecological total factor productivity(ETFP)growth.Then the variance decomposition is used to reveal the structural sources of dynamic differences in eight regions,so as to promote economic green development transformation of eight regions in China.It is found that China’s economy grows at an average rate of 11.26%from 2001 to 2018,and factor inputs are the main driving force,showing a decreasing contribution of“environmental construction-physical capital-clean energy-non-clean energy-human capital”and an increasing contribution of ETFP growth driven by neutral technological progress.The contribution of ETFP growth driven by neutral technological progress is also increasing.The economic growth of the eight regions shows a gradient decreasing trend from the southeast coast to the northwest,and factor inputs of physical capital,human capital and non-clean energy are the main driving force,while the contribution of ETFP growth continues to increase,which is larger in the middle reaches of the Yellow River and the southwest,and smaller in the northwest and southern coast.The structural decomposition of the dynamic differences of economic green development transformation in China is dominated by differences in factor inputs of environmental construction and differences in ETFP growth of efficiency changes.Coastal regions are dominated by differences in factor inputs of environmental construction,while inland regions are relatively sensitive to differences in ETFP growth.Meanwhile,there is a expanding trend for regional differences in biased technological progress,which is an important source of differences in ETFP growth.