安徽省翘嘴鲌野生群体的遗传多样性分析

Genetic diversity analysis of wild Culter alburnus in Anhui province

为探讨安徽省翘嘴鲌(Culter alburnus)野生群体的遗传多样性及亲缘关系,利用10对微卫星标记分析4个翘嘴鲌采样群体(巢湖、武昌湖、新安江和淮河干流)的遗传多样性与遗传结构。结果显示:4个群体的等位基因数(Na)、有效等位基因数(Ne)、观测杂合度(Ho)、预期杂合度(He)、多态信息含量(PIC)分别为10.4~12.2、5.9~6.9、0.654~0.800、0.739~0.778和0.689~0.738,均显示高度的遗传多样性;分子方差分析(AMOVA)群体内遗传变异占比95.71%,远高于群体间的4.29%;总群体遗传分化系数(F st)仅为0.043,成对群体间F st为0.025~0.056,表现为低度分化;群体间基因流值(N m)为4.21~9.75,表明群体间基因交流频繁;基于群体间遗传距离构建系统进化树显示,新安江群体与巢湖群体亲缘关系最近,与淮河群体最远。使用软件Structure 2.3.4遗传聚类分析结果显示其最佳聚类分组为4,但与各采样群体不相对应,群体间遗传相似个体交叉较多。研究表明:翘嘴鲌4个采样群体的遗传多样性高、遗传分化不显著,群体间可能存在种质混杂。

Culter alburnus,common name topmouth culter,is one high economic value freshwater fish.To explore the genetic diversity and genetic relationship of C.alburnus population in Anhui province,the genetic diversity and genetic structure of four wild populations from Wuchang Lake,Chao Lake,main stream of Huaihe River and Xin’an River based on microsatellite markers were analyzed.The range of average allele number(Na),expected heterozygosity(He)and polymorphic information content(PIC)of four populations were 10.4-12.2,0.739-0.778 and 0.689-0.738,respectively.The effective allele number(Ne)was between 5.9 and 6.9 and observed heterozygosity(Ho)was from 0.654 to 0.800,indicating that all populations had high genetic diversity.AMOVA revealed that genetic variation mainly came from within the population(95.71%),and only accounted for 4.29%among the populations.The genetic differentiation coefficient(F st)of all population was 0.043,and the F st among populations was between 0.025 and 0.056,indicating low degree of genetic differentiation.The value of gene flow(N m)ranged from 4.21 to 9.75,indicating frequent interpopulation gene exchange.Phylogenetic tree,developed based on genetic distance between all pairs of populations,displayed that Xin’an River population had the closest relationship with Chaohu population,and Huai River population has the furthest relationship.The results of using software Structure 2.3.4 showed that the optimal cluster grouping was also 4,but it did not correspond to each sampling population,and there were many genetically similar individuals among populations.This study indicated there were high genetic diversity,insignificant genetic differentiation and germplasm mixed among the four populations of C.alburnus.