聚落、城址与早期都邑研究的理论方法与实践

The Theoretical Methods and Practice of the Research on Settlement,City Site and Early Capital

聚落、城市聚落、都邑聚落的区分与判定是聚落考古的重要课题,应采用相应的理论方法加以深入探讨。在考古实践中,制订聚落的认定标准、划分聚落等级、对聚落断代,是早期聚落研究的基础。城市聚落研究的焦点在于认定标准,研究的重点是对各类防御设施的辨析。早期都邑聚落具有独特的认定标准,研究过程中应注意都邑的建造顺序、延续期等问题。

The distinction and determination of settlement,urban settlement and capital settlement is an important subject of settlement archaeology,which should be discussed in depth by adopting corresponding theoretical method.In archeological practice,it is the basis of early settlement research to establish the standard of settlement identification,divide the settlement grade and date the settlement.The focus of the research on urban settlement lies in the identification criteria,and the emphasis of the research is the discrimination and analysis of various defense facilities.The early capital settlement has a unique identification standard.Therefore,during the research process,attention should be paid to issues such as the construction sequence and duration of capital.