海南自贸港热带特色高效农业发展路径探索

The Development Route of Efficient Agriculture with Tropical Characteristics in Hainan Free Trade Port

海南是世界上唯一包含农业、农村、农民的全岛型自贸港,“三农”问题必须得到高度关注。近年来海南农业保持了较好增长,但依然存在规模化、集约化、标准化、品牌化、市场化不够等问题,且面板数据回归结果显示,农业产业对农民收入的影响显著为负。建议通过全域土地综合整治,走集约化、规模化的发展道路,盘活农村撂荒土地,坚决守住粮食安全底线。稳定橡胶保有量,发展林下经济,拓宽农民增收途径。以市场化为导向,发展特色农业。通过高水平开放,促进海南农业走标准化、品牌化发展道路。加快推进国家热带农业科学中心建设,提高农业科技成果转化水平。

As the only free trade port covering a whole island in the world, Hainan requires particular attention concerning the Sannong issues(namely, agriculture, rural community and farmers). In recent years, agriculture in Hainan has maintained a good growth momentum, but there are still problems such as insufficient scale,intensification, standardization, branding, marketization and etc. The regression analysis of panel data shows that the impact of the agricultural industry on farmers’ income is significantly negative. The study proposes some suggestions on agriculture development in Hainan, including revitalizing the abandoned rural land through comprehensive land consolidation for intensive and large-scale development, to uphold the principle of food security;stabilizing rubber plantation and production and developing under-forest economy, to diversify the sources of farmers’ income;developing market oriented agriculture with regional characteristics through high-level opening up, to promote Hainan’s agriculture towards standardization and branding;and accelerating the establishment of National Tropical Agricultural Science Center to improve the transformation of agricultural scientific and technological achievements.