福建沿海台风浪模拟及其对台风路径平移的响应

Simulation of typhoon waves along the coast of Fujian and its responses to typhoon path translation

针对福建沿海台风频发对港航工程建设的影响,以ECMWF背景风场和Holland模型风场叠加作为驱动风场建立SWAN数值模型,对201808号台风“玛莉亚”引起的台风浪进行数值模拟。通过对“玛莉亚”的路径进行平移,选择漳州、泉州、宁德作为福建沿海3个典型的台风登陆点,派生出3条理想台风路径。结果表明:1)随着台风中心由太平洋靠近福建省沿海,各特征点附近海域产生的有效波高先逐渐增大再逐渐减小。2)在各台风路径下,路径左侧海域波向由SSW转为NNE,而路径右侧海域波向由SSW转向WNW。3)台风中心距离福建省越近,各特征点波向变化的速率越快。4)台风路径平移响应对优化港航工程防台方案具有一定的参考价值。

Focusing on the impact of frequent typhoons along the coast of Fujian on the construction of port and waterway engineering,this study builds a numerical Simulating Wave Nearshore(SWAN)model with the European Center for Medium Weather Forecasting(ECMWF)background wind field and the Holland model wind field superimposed as its driving wind field and simulates the typhoon waves caused by the 201808 Typhoon“Maria”numerically.By translating the path of“Maria”,it selects Zhangzhou,Quanzhou,and Ningde as three typical typhoon landing points along the coast of Fujian and derives three idealized typhoon paths.The results yield the following conclusions:1)As the typhoon center approaches the coast of Fujian Province from the Pacific Ocean,the significant wave height in the sea area near each feature point increases first and then decreases.2)Concerning each typhoon path,the wave direction of the sea area on the left side of the path changes from south-southwest(SSW)to north-northeast(NNE),while that on the right side of the path changes from SSW to west-northwest(WNW).3)A typhoon center closer to Fujian Province corresponds to a faster wave direction change at each feature point.4)The response to typhoon path translation has reference value for optimizing the typhoon prevention scheme of port and waterway engineering.