中国脑性瘫痪康复指南(2022)第二章:脑性瘫痪高危儿的评定与干预

Chinese rehabilitation guidelines for cerebral palsy(2022)part 2:the assessment and intervention guideline for infants at high risk of cerebral palsy

本章对脑性瘫痪高危儿(infants at high risk of cerebral palsy,IHRCP)的概念、高危因素、评定、早期诊断和早期干预进行了阐述。重点是评定部分,包括全身运动评估、新生儿神经行为测定、Alberta婴儿运动量表、影像学检查(颅脑超声、磁共振成像)和Hammersmith婴幼儿神经学检查等;突出了早期干预的原则和方法,包括新生儿期体位性干预、婴儿抚触、口面部运动干预、高压氧治疗、水疗、早期感觉干预、早期运动干预、家长指导和随访管理等。规范了IHRCP的评定、诊断、早期监测、随访管理和早期干预方法等,对减少或减轻IHRCP向脑性瘫痪或其他神经发育障碍疾病的发展具有重要的指导意义。

This chapter introduces the concept,high-risk factors,evaluation,early diagnosis and early intervention of infants at high risk of cerebral palsy(IHRCP).The focus is on the evaluation part,including qualitative assessment of general movements,neonatal behavioral neurological assessment,Alberta infant motor scale,imaging examination(ultrasonography,magnetic resonance imaging)and Hammersmith infant neurological examination.The principles and methods of early intervention are highlighted,including neonatal postural intervention,infant touch,oral and facial movement intervention,hyperbaric oxygen therapy,hydrotherapy,early sensory intervention,early movement intervention,parental guidance and management.It standardizes the evaluation,diagnosis,early monitoring,follow-up management and early intervention methods of IHRCP,which has important guiding significance for reducing or alleviating the development of IHRCP to cerebral palsy or other neurodevelopmental disorders.