基于激光三维点云技术的3D景观建模设计

3D Landscape Modeling Design Based on Laser 3D Point Cloud Technology

为提升城市园林等类型景观的建模精度,以激光三维点云为技术基础,设计一种三维景观建模方法。采用激光三维点云立体式非接触测量技术,获取景观表面数据点三维坐标,在一个坐标系内统一化各角度点云数据,将顺序点间的最远距离作为滤波标准,设定超过标准点为固定端点,平滑处理图像点云,采用三角形网格参数化策略,映射三维网格模型至二维平面中,取得特征点纹理坐标,利用调和映射算法求解非约束点的纹理坐标,通过自适应部分调整策略,优化点云数据纹理,得到最终的景观模型。试验采集研究区域中一处景观的三维数据,结合景观模型效果与评估指标值得出,所提方法能够有效建立模型,且精准度较高,模型细节信息保存得相对完整。

In order to improve the modeling accuracy of urban gardens and other types of landscapes, a 3 D landscape modeling method is designed based on the laser 3 D point cloud technology. Laser three-dimensional point cloud stereo non-contact measurement technology is used to obtain the three-dimensional coordinates of the landscape surface data points. The point cloud data of all angles are unified in a coordinate system, the longest distance between sequential points is used as the filter standard, and the point is set beyond the standard. In order to fix the endpoints and smoothly process the image point cloud, the triangular mesh parameterization strategy is used to map the three-dimensional mesh model to the two-dimensional plane to obtain the texture coordinates of the characteristic points. The harmonic mapping algorithm is used to solve the texture coordinates of the unconstrained points. By partially adjusting the strategy, the texture of the point cloud data is optimized and the final landscape model is obtained. The experiment collects three-dimensional data of a landscape in the study area, and combines the effects of the landscape model and the evaluation index to find out. The proposed method can effectively develop the model with high accuracy, and the detailed information of the model is relatively complete.