关系主义实践:“空巢青年”家庭再生产的机制分析

The Practice of Relationism:an Analysis of the Mechanism of“Empty Nest Youth”Family Reproduction

在中国现代化发展的背景下,“空巢青年”作为一个新兴群体呈现在社会大众的视野中。遵循主体性建构的方法论,聚焦“空巢青年”的婚姻实践,提出关系主义实践的分析框架,试图揭示“空巢青年”家庭再生产的过程和机制。研究发现,在家庭私人生活的实践性、婚姻家庭立场的政治性、家庭发展支持的缺失性等制度环境背景下,转型期中国“空巢青年”现象彰显了家庭主义和个体意识崛起相互交织的关系主义实践,具体表现为“家庭一体”的特征。这既不同于强调个体牺牲的传统家庭主义,也不同于以个体自由独立为标榜的西方个体主义价值观。在这个过程中,“空巢青年”的关系主义实践不仅实现了家庭幸福、生活保障和社会身份的认同,同时也暗含着对转型期制度变迁的能动回应。但关系主义实践的实用性策略也存在功利性的异化趋势,需要引起社会层面的关注。

Under the background of China’s modernization development,"empty nest youth"as a new group appears in the public’s vision.Following the methodology of subjectivity construction,the article focuses on the marriage practice of"empty nest youth",puts forward the analytical framework of relationism practice,and tries to reveal the process and mechanism of"empty nest youth"family reproduction.The study found that under the institutional environment of the practicality of family private life,the political position of marriage and family,and the absence of social support for family development,the phenomenon of"empty nest youth"in China during the transition period highlights the intertwined relationism practice of familism and the rise of individual consciousness,which is specifically manifested in the characteristics of family integration.This is not only different from the traditional family doctrine that emphasizes individual sacrifice,but also different from the Western values that flaunt individual freedom and independence.In this process,the relationism practice of"empty nest youth’not only realizes the identification of family happiness,life security and social identity,but also implies an active response to the macro institutional changes.However,the pragmatic strategy of relationism practice also has a utilitarian alienation trend,which needs to attract the attention of the society.