解悖:关于唐宋“文赋互为”与方苞古文“禁赋”问题

Solving Paradox:On the Interpenetration of Ancient Prose and Ci-fu in Tang and Song Dynasties and Fang Bao“Forbidden Fu”in Ancient Prose

“文赋互为”是唐宋古文运动非常重要的创作实践之一,但以“文章在韩、欧之间”为行文祈向的方苞却在古文中“禁赋”。方苞秉持韩柳以来“祖骚重情”的赋学观念创作骚体赋,在古文崇理明道之外,于辞赋世界中找到一种述情抒怀的书写范式。桐城后学由韩愈而追慕扬雄,将汉赋瑰丽之辞和行文之气融入古文之中,从而由古文“禁赋”到古文选赋、以赋入文,在构建道统与文统的框架下,以变解悖。方苞古文“禁赋”之论,是以“文体之正”回护“义法”之说,而桐城后学以赋为文,意在扩大古文堂庑,消弭“义理”元素,这恰是证明方苞当初“禁赋”以“醇”文的正确。桐城后学提倡“文章”之学,是顺应中国近代文学从“杂文学观”向“纯文学观”转型的大势,亦在求得文章之“纯”。

The interpenetration of ancient prose and Ci-fu was one of the most important creative practices in the Ancient prose movement of Tang and Song Dynasties.Fang Bao credited with his article is somewhere between Han Yu and Ou Yangxiu,but he forbad the use of Fu in ancient prose.Fang Bao imitated Li-sao and attached importance to emotion in his Ci fu,which was believed to come from Han Yu and Liu Zongyuan.Fang Bao found a writing paradigm to express his true feelings in the world of Ci-fu.Later scholars of the“Tongcheng School”pursued Yangxiong through Han Yu,and incorporated the magnificent words and the style of writing into the ancient prose.Therefore,under the framework of constructing Confucian orthodoxy and literature tradition,they solve the paradox by changing.These scholars advocated the study of articles,which was in line with the general trend of the transformation of Modern Chinese literature from the view of miscellaneous literature to the view of pure literature,and also in pursuit of the purity of articles.