突破结构功能主义:中国信访制度研究的三维框架与治理逻辑

Breaking through Structural Functionalism:The Three-Dimensional Framework and Governance Logic of China’s Petition System Research

信访是国家与社会互动的重要方式。从结构上看,信访具有政治性与社会性双重属性;从功能上看,信访是国家和社会互动的连接点。当代中国信访制度的研究多使用传统的结构—功能路径,缺少对信访制度整体性、动态性的观察。结构、功能、过程可以作为理解当代中国信访制度的三个维度。信访研究不仅要关注一个更加完整的信访制度丛,研究信访制度在国家治理体系中的功能定位,而且应该更加关注信访过程中的行动者及行为互动。结构、功能、过程三个维度的研究用整全的、动态的方法观察信访制度,突破结构功能主义的局限,更能透视国家治理的历史逻辑、理论逻辑和实践逻辑。

Petition is an important way of interaction between the state and society.From the structural point of view,the petition system has the dual attributes of political and social;In terms of function,petition system are the connecting point of the state and the society.The research of contemporary China’s petition system mostly uses the traditional structure function path,and lacks the observation of the integrity and dynamics of the petition system.Structure,function and process can be used as three dimensions to understand the petition system in contemporary China.The study of petition system should not only focus on a more complete cluster of petition system and the functional orientation of petition in the national governance system,but also pay more attention to the interaction of actors and behaviors in the process of petition.The research on the three dimensions of structure,function and process observes the petition system with an integrated and dynamic method,and breaks through the petition research of structural functionalism,which can penetrate the historical logic,theoretical logic and practical logic of national governance.