双重挑战下的都市新闻业:“媒介化风险”与“消逝的地方”

Metropolitan Journalism in Double Challenges:Mediatized Risks and Vanishing Locality

新闻活动在很大程度上与地域相关,但新闻实践中的“地方性”却较少被新闻研究关注。本研究聚焦以重要地方性城市及其辐射区域为边界的“都市新闻业”(metropolitan journalism),从现代社会理论关注的“风险”和“地方”问题入手,探讨了都市新闻业面临的挑战。具体来说,都市新闻业既面临“媒介化风险”的压力,又受到“消逝的地方”这一现代性后果的深重影响。都市新闻业在新闻系统结构中的夹心层位置和相对固化的行动路径,使其在应对这两重挑战时出现较多困难。尽管新闻学研究近年来经常启用“危机”概念来阐述数字技术冲击下的新闻业状况,但整体性的新闻业危机话语尚不足以解释都市新闻业的独特问题,而“媒介化风险”和“消逝的地方”也许可以提供对都市新闻业困境的深层理解。都市新闻业可能的创新路径是以复杂关系驱动的创新,即通过制度赋权提升都市新闻业的灵活性和再嵌入地方生活的能力,以此应对双重挑战,更好地激发地方新闻生态的活力。

This paper focuses on metropolitan journalism,which is bounded by important cities and their jurisdictions,and examines the challenges of metropolitan journalism from the perspective of “risk” and “locality” issues which are the concerns of modern social theory.Specifically,metropolitan journalism is under pressure from the “mediatized risk” and is deeply affected by the consequences of modernity in the form of “vanishing locality”.Metropolitan journalism’s middle position in the structure of the news system and its relatively solid path of action jeopardize it to deal with these two challenges.The paper also proposes that the suitable innovational way for metropolitian journalism is innovation driven by multiple relations.