反思中前行:英国社会科学博士生培养的发展路向

Moving Forward in Reflection:The Development Direction of Doctoral Students Training in the Social Sciences in the UK

社会科学博士是支撑社会科学满足社会发展需要的人才基础。英国向来重视社会科学的发展,注重培养相当规模的高素质社会科学人才。英国社会科学博士生具有充足的发展空间与可观的人才储备,核心能力尚佳但有待进一步提高。在招录、指导、发展、支持等环节,英国社会科学博士生培养存在入学机会扩大与部分群体参与不足、导师教育理念固化与就业需求变化不符、心理压力增大与学校人文关怀不足、获得学位时间延长与资助年限不够的矛盾。英国经济和社会研究委员会从愿景、环境、能力与保障层层递进,搭建以愿景目标为引领,以环境构建为基础,以能力锻造为核心,以系统支持为保障的社会科学博士生培养改革框架。以英国社会科学博士生培养改革经验为鉴,我国社会科学博士生培养应不断提升其质量,灵活调整其资助方式,并全面舒解其心理问题。

Doctoral students of social sciences are the talent foundation that support social sciences to meet the needs of social development.The UK has always attached great importance to the development of social sciences and focused on cultivating a considerable number of high-quality social sciences talents.Doctoral students of social sciences in the UK have ample room for development and considerable talent pool,and the core competencies are still good but need to be further improved.In the process of recruitment,guidance,development and support,doctoral students training in the social sciences in the UK have some contradictions,such as the expansion of admission opportunities and the lack of participation of some groups,the solidification of the tutor’s education concept does not match the change of employment needs,the increase of psychological pressure and the school’s lack of humanistic care,and longer time to obtain a degree and insufficient funding years.The UK Economic and Social Research Council progresses from vision,environment,capability and guarantee to build a reform framework for doctoral students training in social sciences,which is guided by vision and goals,based on environment construction,with ability forging as the core,and guaranteed by system support.Taking the reform experience of social science doctoral students training in the UK as a guide,the development of China’s social science doctoral students training should constantly improve its quality,flexibly adjust its funding methods,and comprehensively relieve its psychological problems.