基于人口密度与布局适宜性的农村居民点整理策略——以甘肃省华亭市为例

Strategies of Rural Settlement Consolidation Based on Population Density and Adaptability of Layout:A case of Huating,Gansu Province

【目的】新时期国土空间规划背景下,探索农村居民点实现人本化、集约化的整理策略。【方法】以甘肃省华亭市为例,运用GIS空间分析与景观格局指数,定量识别2009年与2018年居民点空间演化特征,在此基础上构建居民点布局适宜性评价指标体系,并结合人口密度划分居民点整理类型,提出差异化的整理对策。【结果】近10年来,华亭市农村居民点呈现出“低海拔、靠斜坡、向阳性”的空间分布特征,但随着时间的推移,这种分布特征在坡度坡向上表现出一定程度的弱化;居民点集聚特征由“乡镇次高密度、高密度集聚团簇”向“城区附近高密度聚集中心”转变;居民点景观格局愈加破碎,整体存在较大的整治空间。【结论】基于人口密度与居民点布局适宜性,将华亭市农村居民点划分为整村搬迁型、保留发展型、规模管控型、集聚提升型和重点发展型,并针对不同类型居民点提出具体的整理策略。

[Objective] Under the background of territorial space planning in the new era, the human-oriented and intensive organization strategies were discussed for rural settlements. [Method] taking Huating(in Gansu Province) as an example, the GIS spatial analysis and landscape pattern index were used to quantitatively identify the direction of settlements spatial layout in 2009 and 2018, the adaptability evaluation index system of rural settlement layout was established, and the countermeasures for the consolidation of rural settlements were put forward based on population density. [Result] The results showed that rural settlements in Huating had showed the spatial distribution characteristics of “ low altitude, slope and heliotropic”. However, this distribution showed a certain degree of weakening in the slope and slope direction with time. The agglomeration characteristics of settlements areas had changed from “sub high-density and high-density clusters in villages and towns” to “high-density agglomeration centers near urban areas”. The landscape pattern of rural settlements was becoming more and more complex, and there was a large space for improvement as a whole. [Conclusion] Based on the adaptability of rural settlement layout and population density, the settlements can be divided into whole village relocation type, reserved development type, scale control type, agglomeration promotion type and key development type, and the specific remediation strategies are put forward for the different types of settlements.