从五脏角度探析沈氏女科学术思想

Academic Thoughts of Shen’s Gynecology from Five Zang Organs

沈氏女科是入选第一批全国中医学术流派传承工作室建设项目的学术流派之一,创立至今已有600多年历史。数百年来,沈氏女科经久不衰,其学术思想独具特色,临床诊治疗效显著,对各科均有借鉴意义,如今已发展为全科中医。五脏是人体生理功能正常发挥的关键,五脏气机调和则百病不生。脏腑辨证是中医诊断学中重要的理论体系之一。该文基于五脏角度探析沈氏女科的学术思想,发现其呈现以下特色:沈氏女科在诊治上以肝、脾、肾三脏为核心,重视补肝、调肝,开胃、护胃,调肾之法的运用;对于心、肺二脏,则分别以意疗法和治标行肺气为风格,使人体各脏安和。同时,沈氏女科在处方上还注重引经药的运用,使药力直达病所,依据五脏特性选用不同的引经药物,随症增减运用,临床疗效显著。

With a history of more than 600 years,Shen’s gynecology is one of the first academic schools for the construction project of the National Traditional Chinese Medicine Academic School Inheritance Studio.For hundreds of years,Shen’s gynecology has been enduring for its unique academic thoughts and remarkable clinical therapeutic effects,which can be used for reference in various departments.So far,it has developed into general medicine.Five zang organs are pivotal to normal physiological functions of the human body.The harmony of qi movement in five zang organs can ensure the non-occurrence of diseases.Zang-fu syndrome differentiation is one of the important theoretical systems in traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)diagnosis and treatment.The present study analyzed the academic thoughts of Shen’s gynecology based on five zang organs and summarized its characteristics.In the diagnosis and treatment,Shen’s gynecology focused on the liver,spleen and kidney and highlighted the treatment methods of nourishing and regulating the liver,promoting appetite,protecting the stomach,and regulating the kidney.In terms of the heart and the lung,the mind therapy and flowing lung qi were adopted,respectively,to balance and harmonize the organs of the body.In the prescriptions,Shen’s gynecology emphasized the application of meridian-guiding drugs to potentiate the efficacies.According to the characteristics of the five zang organs,different meridian-guiding drugs were formulated and applied in modification with the syndromes,which could achieve a significant clinical effect.