会仙湿地小流域土壤养分时空分布特征

Spatial and temporal distribution characteristics of soil nutrients in small watershed of Huixian Wetland

为揭示漓江流域会仙湿地小流域土壤养分的时空分布规律及其变异特征,同步连续监测了河道沉积物、消落带、耕地等区域中土壤的pH、有机质、全氮、全磷、硝态氮、铵态氮等指标,应用单因素方差分析、曼-惠特尼U检验、Pearson相关性分析和反距离插值法,研究土壤养分的时空分布特征,探究河道沉积物、消落带和耕地土壤养分之间的相互关系。结果表明:河道沉积物、消落带、耕地土壤的全氮、有机质和硝态氮含量受季节影响较大,在不同季节间存在显著差异,而受年份的影响较小;河道沉积物土壤养分受河道河床变化、人类活动等影响,沿程变化呈现复杂性;河道沉积物、消落带、耕地土壤三者间的养分含量有着密切的联系,且受降雨的影响较大。

To reveal the spatial and temporal distribution patterns of soil nutrients and their variability characteristics in the small watershed of Huixian Wetland in Lijiang River Basin, and to provide a reference basis for agricultural surface source pollution control and fertilizer management, this paper simultaneously and continuously monitored the pH,organic matter, total nitrogen, total phosphorus, nitrate nitrogen, ammonium nitrogen and other indicators of soil in river sediments, water-level fluctuating zone and farmland.One-way ANOVA,Mann-Whitney U test, Pearson correlation analysis and inverse distance interpolation were applied to study the spatial and temporal distribution characteristics of soil nutrients and explore the interrelationship between soil nutrients in river sediments, water-level fluctuating zone and farmland.The results were as follow: the total nitrogen, organic matter and nitrate nitrogen contents of river sediments, subsidence zone and cultivated soil were influenced by seasons, with significant differences among seasons, while less influenced by years;the soil nutrients of river sediment were influenced by river bed changes and human activities, and showed complexity along the course;the nutrient contents of river sediments, water-level fluctuating zone and farmland were closely related, and were influenced by rainfall.