胎儿耳廓异常的产前超声诊断

Prenatal ultrasound diagnosis of fetal auricle abnormality

目的 研究胎儿耳廓异常产前超声声像图特征,探讨其在预后评估中的应用价值。方法 回顾性分析31例耳廓异常胎儿的超声声像图表现及产前、产后相关检查结果。结果 31例耳廓异常胎儿产前超声检查提示小耳畸形20例,无耳畸形2例,附耳9例;右耳异常19例,双耳异常4例,左耳异常6例;以产后新生儿耳廓外观为金标准,产前诊断耳廓异常的准确度为90.32%(28/31);染色体或基因异常18例,其中4例未行染色体筛查;漏诊小耳并耳低位2例、小耳并附耳畸形1例;外耳廓异常合并其他结构多发异常18例。结论 目前超声检查是产前诊断胎儿耳廓异常的可靠方法,且耳廓异常可作为某些染色体异常的敏感性指标,而胎儿预后主要取决于是否合并其他严重结构畸形或染色体异常。

Objective To study the prenatal ultrasonographic features of fetal auricle abnormality,and to explore its application value in prognosis evaluation.Methods The ultrasonographic features of 31 fetuses with auricle abnormality and the results of prenatal and postpartum examinations were analyzed retrospectively.Results Prenatal ultrasound examination of 31 fetuses with auricle abnormality showed 20 cases of microtia,2 cases of anotia and 9 cases of ear attachment;there were 19 cases of abnormal right ear,4 cases of abnormal bilateral ear and 6 cases of abnormal left ear;the accuracy rate of prenatal diagnosis of auricle abnormality was 90.32%(28/31) with auricle appearance of postpartum newborns as the gold standard;there were 18 cases with chromosome or gene abnormalities,of which 4 cases were not screened for chromosome;two cases of microtia complicated with low-set ears and one case of microtia complicated with ear attachment were missed;there were 18 cases of auricle abnormality complicated with multiple abnormalities of other structures.Conclusion At present,ultrasound is a reliable method for prenatal diagnosis of fetal auricle abnormality,auricle abnormality can be used as a sensitive indicator of some chromosomal abnormalities,and the prognosis of the fetus mainly depends on whether it is complicated with other serious structural abnormality or chromosomal abnormality.