初乳口腔免疫疗法联合袋鼠式护理对早产儿喂养情况及神经发育的影响

Effects of colostrum oral immunotherapy combined with kangaroo nursing on feeding and neurodevelopment of premature infants

目的 探讨初乳口腔免疫疗法联合袋鼠式护理对早产儿喂养情况及神经发育的影响。方法 选取2019年12月至2020年12月我院收治的48例早产儿作为研究对象,采用随机数表法将其分为对照组和观察组,各24例。对照组实施常规护理干预,观察组在对照组基础上实施初乳口腔免疫疗法联合袋鼠式护理。比较两组护理干预效果。结果 观察组的首次经口喂养时间及完全经口喂养时间短于对照组,喂养效率高于对照组,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。护理前,两组的心率、呼吸及经皮血氧饱和度比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);护理后,两组的心率及呼吸低于护理前,经皮血氧饱和度高于护理前,且观察组优于对照组,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。护理前,两组的体质量、身长、头围比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);护理后,两组的体质量高于护理前,身长长于护理前,头围大于护理前,且观察组优于对照组,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。护理1个月后,观察组的行为能力、被动肌张力、主动肌张力、原始反射、一般状态评分及新生儿行为神经测定(NBNA)总分均高于对照组,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论 对早产儿实施初乳口腔免疫疗法联合袋鼠式护理可改善其喂养情况,优化心率、呼吸及经皮血氧饱和度等生理指标,促进生长发育及神经发育,值得推广。

Objective To investigate the effects of colostrum oral immunotherapy combined with kangaroo nursing on the feeding and neurodevelopment of premature infants.Methods A total of 48 premature infants admitted in our hospital from December 2019 to December 2020 were selected as the research objects,and the premature infants were divided into control group and observation group by random number table method,with 24 cases in each group.The control group received routine nursing intervention,and the observation group received colostrum oral immunotherapy combined with kangaroo nursing on the basis of the control group.The nursing intervention effects of the two groups were compared.Results The first oral feeding time and complete oral feeding time of the observation group were shorter than those of the control group,the feeding efficiency was higher than that of the control group,and the differences were statistically significant(P 0.05);after nursing,the heart rate and respiration of the two groups were lower than those before nursing,the transcutaneous blood oxygen saturation was higher than that before nursing,those of the observation group were better than the control group,and the differences were statistically significant(P 0.05);after nursing,the body weight was higher than that before nursing,the body length was longer than that before nursing,the head circumference was larger than that before nursing,those of the observation group were better than the control group,and the differences were statistically significant( P<0.05).After 1month of nursing,the behavioral ability,passive muscle tension,active muscle tension,original reflection,general state score and Neonatal Beavioral Neurological Assessment(NBNA) total score of the observation group were higher than those of the control group,and the differences were statistically significant(P <0.05).Conclusion Colostrum oral immunotherapy combined with kangaroo nursing for premature infants can improve the feeding,optimize the physiological indexes such as heart rate,respiration and percutaneous blood oxygen saturation,and promote growth and neurodevelopment,which is worthy of promotion.