以国企分类改革理论构建中国经济学的微观分析基础

Constructing the Foundations of Microeconomic Analysis of Chinese Economics: Based on the Theory of Classified Reform of State-owned Enterprises

构建中国经济学的关键是要创建中国自主的经济学知识体系。西方主流微观经济学无法成为中国经济学的微观分析基础,中国特色微观经济学应揭示在社会主义基本经济制度下市场机制是如何在资源配置中发挥决定性作用的经济学逻辑,其核心命题是国有企业与市场经济的兼容性。从放权让利、两权分离、股份制改造与现代企业制度到抓大放小、国有资产监管模式改革等,国有企业逐步向自主经营、自负盈亏的市场主体转变,但还是没有真正解决政企不分、所有权不可转让等问题。国有企业分类改革可以解决国有企业与市场经济的兼容性问题,从而能够成为中国经济学的微观分析基础。分类改革包括以下三个层次:分类重构微观基础,实现国有经济与民营经济的共同发展;推进国有企业的宏观分类改革,实现国民经济布局优化;推进国有企业的微观分类改革,提升国有企业的市场竞争力。

The key to developing Chinese economics is to create China’s own knowledge system of economics. Western mainstream microeconomics cannot become the foundations of microeconomic analysis of Chinese economics. Microeconomics with Chinese characteristics should reveal the logic of economics on how the market mechanism plays a decisive role in the allocation of resources under the basic socialist economic system, and its core proposition is the compatibility of state-owned enterprises with the market economy. From the decentralization of power and transfer of profits, the separation of the two rights(ownership and control right), the shareholding system transformation, and the modern enterprise system to macro-control with economic fine tune, the reform of the supervision mode of state-owned assets and other measures, state-owned enterprises have gradually changed to market entities that operate independently and bear their own profits and losses. However, the problems of non-separation between government and enterprises and non-transferability of ownership have not been really solved yet. The classified reform of state-owned enterprises can solve the problem of the compatibility of state-owned enterprises with the market economy, so that it can become the foundations of microeconomic analysis of Chinese economics. The classified reform includes three levels. Specifically, firstly, micro foundations are reconstructed by category in order to realize the common development of state-owned economy and the private economy;secondly, the classified reform of state-owned enterprises is promoted at the macro level to optimize the layout of the national economy;thirdly the classified reform of state-owned enterprises is promoted at the micro level to enhance the market competitiveness of state-owned enterprises.