2019年北京市控烟条例执行情况分析

Analysis of the implementation of tobacco control regulations in Beijing,2019

目的评估2019年北京市禁止吸烟场所控烟条例执行情况,分析发生违法吸烟现象的原因,为相关部门更有针对性地展开控烟工作提供参考支持。方法分别于春、夏、秋、冬四个季度对北京市16区九大行业违法吸烟现象、无烟环境建设、控烟宣传等内容进行暗访调查,运用卡方检验比较违法吸烟现象发生率在季节、地区、室外吸烟区设置等多方面的差异。结果全年共暗访4313个场所,违法吸烟现象发生率为11.55%,郊区(13.72%)高于城区(8.69%),差异具有统计学意义(χ^(2)=26.208,P<0.001);秋季最低(9.41%),夏季最高(15.18%),季节差异具有统计学意义(χ^(2)=17.412,P=0.001);吸烟现象发生率排在前三位的场所依次为网吧(28.41%)、写字楼(27.68%)和KTV(18.70%),医疗机构(4.13%)最低。结论2019年是《北京市控制吸烟条例》实施4年,违法吸烟现象发生率有所反弹。夏季是吸烟现象发生最严重的季节,网吧、写字楼和KTV仍是控烟难点场所,控烟工作的单位责任和控烟宣传力度仍需加强。

Objective The purpose of this study was to evaluate the implementation of tobacco control regulations in no-smoking places in Beijing in 2019,analyze the reasons for illegal smoking,and provide reference support for the relevant departments to carry out more targeted tobacco control work.Methods Every quarter,unannounced investigations were conducted on illegal smoking,construction of a smoke-free environment and tobacco control publicity in 9 industries in 16 districts of Beijing.Chi-square test was used to compare the incidence of illegal smoking by season,region and outdoor smoking areas.Results Among the 4313 places visited unannounced throughout the year,the incidence of illegal smoking was 11.55%,higher in suburban area(13.72%)than in urban area(8.69%),with a significant difference(χ^(2)==26.208,p<0.001);the lowest in autumn(9.41%)and the highest in summer(15.18%),with a significant difference(χ^(2)=17.412,p=0.001);the places of top three smoking rates were Internet cafes(28.41%),office buildings(27.68%)and KTV(18.70%),and the places of the lowest smoking rate were medical institutions(4.13%).Conclusions Four years after the implementation of the“Beijing Smoking Control Regulations”,the incidence of illegal smoking has rebounded.Summer is the worst season of smoking.Internet cafes,office buildings and KTV are still the difficult places for tobacco control,and the tobacco control responsibilities of units and tobacco control publicity work still need to be strengthened.