高标准农田建设规划环评关注要点探讨

Exploration on key points of environmental impact assessment plans for high-standard farmland construction

高标准农田建设通过修建机耕道、输水渠和排水沟、实施节水灌溉、保护农田生态环境、实施耕地土壤改良等措施,提升和保障农田产能与农作物产品质量,夯实了农业生产物质基础。高标准农田建设规划涉及农田生态环境保护建设内容往往偏少且不够全面与深入,对下阶段进一步的设计、施工和监理及验收等过程指导作用不详或针对性不强。高标准农田建设对农田生态环境的负面干扰是客观存在的,规划建设不当,会造成生境破坏、生物多样性减少、水土流失严重、滥占优质耕地等负面影响。文章就高标准农田规划环评要实现的关键目的、文件编制过程中涉及的环境影响因素识别、影响预测和生态环保措施进行了探讨,对科学编制高标准农田建设规划及环评文件具有参考价值。

High-standard Farmland Construction(HFC)promotes and guarantees farmland productivity and crop product quality by constructing machine-cultivated roads,conveyance canal and drainage ditches,implementing water-saving irrigation,protecting farmland ecological environment and implementing farmland soil improvement.In this way,the material base of agricultural production has been consolidated.Requirements on farmland ecological environmental protectionin HFC planning is not detailed enough,not comprehensive or in-depth.The guidance of HFC plan to the further designing,construction,engineering supervision and acceptance of completed project of the next stage is not clear or well targeted.The negative impact of HFC construction on the ecological environment of farmland is objectively existent,and improper planning and construction may cause obvious negative impacts such as habitat destruction,biodiversity reduction,serious soil erosion,and indiscriminate occupation of high-quality cultivated land.This paper discusses the key objectives to be achieved by environment impact assessment(IEA)of high-standard farmland planning,the identification of environmental impact factors involved in the preparation of documents,the prediction of impacts and ecological and environmental protection measures,which can be of reference value for the scientific preparation of HFC plans and EIA documents.