冀皮影戏的民俗审美文化

Folk Aesthetic Culture of Shadow Play in Hebei Province

作为世界非物质文化遗产的冀皮影戏,在戏曲文化史上留下了浓墨重彩的一笔。冀皮影戏以民间艺术为文化土壤,充分吸收民间音乐、美术、戏曲、方言、雕塑等民俗文化的精华,形成冀东、冀中和冀南不同的影戏审美特色。冀东浓郁的方言结合独特的“掐嗓唱法”自成一派,冀中的剪纸、武术、杂技等民间技艺融入表演,丰富了影戏的艺术表现,冀南的风土人情、历史人文景观,为影戏提供了多样的素材。此外,各地区的民众信仰是滋养冀影戏的文化土壤,形成酬神赐福、警世劝善等影戏主题,使影戏艺术成为寓教于乐的方式之一。

As a world intangible cultural heritage,shadow play in Hebei province has left a brilliant mark in the cultural history of traditional Chinese opera.Rooted in folk art,shadow play in Hebei province draws on folk music,fine arts,opera,dialect,sculpture and other folk cultures to form different aesthetic characteristics of shadow play in eastern Hebei,central Hebei and southern Hebei.The eastern Hebei province's distinctive dialect combined with the unique“throat singing”has its own characteristics,the central Hebei province's paper-cutting,martial arts,acrobatics and other folk arts are introduced to enrich the artistic expression of shadow play,and the southern Hebei's local customs,historical and cultural landscape provide diversified materials for shadow play.Moreover,local beliefs inspire shadow play and endows it with such themes as worship,blessing,warning and exhortation,thus making it both entertaining and educational.