飞行器广义生存性及评估方法

On the generalized survivability of aircraft and its evaluation method

生存性作为飞行器的一个重要的通用质量特性,对于飞行器在服役(作战)使用过程中保持其服役(作战)完整性,进而发挥其服役(作战)效能具有重要作用。首先从实际作战环境和作战链路出发,引入威胁有效性,提出了飞行器广义生存性的定义——飞行器在人为敌对环境中执行任务时能够生存的能力,给出了其主要的3个方面的决定因素:威胁有效性、目标敏感性、目标易损性,讨论了其基本特性:客观性、相对性、随机性、可控性。在此基础上,建立了飞行器广义生存性的表征模型和评估方法;提出了威胁有效性的定义,明确了其3方面的主要决定因素:威胁活动性、威胁完好性、威胁能力程度,提出了威胁活动性、威胁完好性的定义,给出了飞行器的目标敏感性的主要影响因素:目标探测性和目标规避性,并提出了目标探测性和规避性的定义。最后,提出了提高飞行器广义生存性的措施,并给出了某4型作战飞机广义生存性评估分析的示例。研究结论可以为飞行器的设计及服役(作战)使用提供参考。

As an important quality characteristic parameter of combat aircraft,survivability plays a critical role in sustaining operational integrity and operational effectiveness during the service period of the aircraft.Taking into account hostile threat effectiveness in actual battle environments and combat chains,this paper proposes the concept of generalized survivability of combat aircraft,which is defined as the aircraft’s ability to survive the hostile environment when the aircraft is carrying out combat missions in the hostile environment.The generalized survivability of combat aircraft consists of hostile threat effectiveness,aircraft susceptibility and aircraft vulnerability,and has some special characteristics such as objectivity,relativity,randomness and controllability.Then the model of generalized survivability of combat aircraft is built,and the evaluation method is provided.The definition of hostile threat effectiveness is proposed,which consists of hostile threat activity,hostile threat integrity and hostile threat performance.The definitions of hostile threat activity and hostile threat integrity are also given.Furthermore,it is proposed that combat aircraft susceptibility consists of aircraft detectivity and aircraft evadability,and the definitions of aircraft detectivity and aircraft evadability are given.Finally,how to improve the generalized survivability of combat aircraft is also suggested.The evaluation results of the generalized survivability of four modes of combat aircraft are shown.The results and conclusions of this study can help the design and operation of combat aircraft in the future.