比较视域下中美高校薪酬影响因素研究

Research on Influential Factors of Remuneration of Chinese and American High Schools Under Comparative Vision

新时代教育评价改革和新时代教师队伍建设,都要求推进高校薪酬制度改革,完善高校内部收入分配激励机制。在“双一流”和“高水平”大学建设的背景下,如何确定合理的薪酬水平,成为当前各界广泛关注并亟待解决的问题。运用高等教育学会薪酬管理研究分会的薪酬调查数据和美国大学教授协会(AAUP)的教师工资统计数据,对我国和美国高校教师薪酬影响因素进行比较分析,可以发现,学科、地区以及学校的类型等因素均对教师群体的整体薪酬水平有显著影响,而考核绩效则是对教师个体薪酬水平影响的主要因素。当前迫切需要整体优化教师薪酬制度;调整工资结构,提高薪酬的保障水平;设置地区和学校层次的系数,规范市场化定价行为;以增加知识价值为导向,内部分配向关键、创新和突出贡献倾斜。

The reform of educational evaluation system and the building of teaching staff in the new era require colleges and universities to promote the reform of their salary system and improve the incentive mechanism of income distribution.Under the background of the construction of "double first-class" and "high-level" universities,there is an urgent need to determine a reasonable salary level.Using the salary survey data of the Salary Management Research Branch of the Society of Higher Education and the teacher salary statistics of the American Association of University Professors(AAUP),this paper makes a comparative analysis of the salary-affecting factors in colleges and universities in China and the United States.The results showed that the overall salary level of the teaching staff is affected by disciplines,regions and school types,and the assessment performance is the main factor affecting the individual salary level of teachers.At present,there is an urgent need to optimize the teacher salary system as a whole;adjust the salary structure to improve the guarantee level of salary;and set up regional and school level coefficients to standardize market-oriented pricing.The salary system should aim at increasing the value created by knowledge and give greater priority to those with key,innovative and outstanding contributions in internal distribution.