子宫腺肌症患者的子宫内膜病理特征分析

Analysis of Endometrial Pathological Features in Patients with Adeno⁃myosis

目的研究子宫腺肌症患者的子宫内膜病理特征以及子宫内膜病理改变情况和子宫腺肌症之间的关系。方法选取2019年1月—2020年12月期间重庆市东南医院收治的子宫腺肌症患者134例,分析子宫腺肌症患者的子宫内膜病理特征。结果<40岁组患者,40~55岁组患者,≥56岁组患者的内膜增生过长、内膜息肉、正常子宫内膜的发生率比较,差异无统计学意义(χ^(2)=1.495、0.070,0.979,P>0.05);<40岁组患者,40~55岁组患者,≥56岁组患者子宫内膜癌发生率分别为0.00%、0.90%、14.28%,差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=7.613,P<0.05);子宫内膜病变:单纯子宫腺肌症为65.79%,子宫腺肌症合并子宫内膜异位囊肿为81.08%,子宫腺肌症合并子宫肌瘤为83.05%,两两比较差异无统计学意义(χ^(2)=2.242、3.807、0.061,P>0.05);子宫内膜病变患者中,痛经和月经过多例数较多,无临床症状发生率较低;子宫内膜正常患者中,痛经、月经过多的发生率比较相近,差异无统计学意义(χ^(2)=2.316,2.986,P>0.05);两组无其他临床症状率比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论无论是子宫腺肌症、子宫腺肌症合并子宫内膜异位囊肿或者子宫肌瘤,均有概率发生子宫内膜病变,年龄和子宫内膜病变无关。

Objective To study the endometrial pathological characteristics of patients with adenomyosis and the rela⁃tionship between endometrial pathological changes and adenomyosis.Methods 134 patients with adenomyosis who were admitted to the Chongqing Southeast Hospital from January 2019 to December 2020 were selected to analyze the endometrial pathological characteristics of patients with adenomyosis.Results There was no statistically signifi⁃cant difference in the incidence rates of endometrial hyperplasia,endometrial polyps and normal endometrium be⁃tween patients in the<40-year-old group,the patients in the 40-55 year-old group,and the patients in the≥56-year-old group(χ^(2)=1.495,0.070,0.979,P>0.05),The incidence rates of endometrial cancer in the<40-year-old group,40-55 year-old group and the≥56-year-old group were 0.00%,0.90%,and 14.28%,respectively,and the difference was statistically significant(χ^(2)=7.613,P<0.05);endometrial lesions:adenomyosis alone was 65.79%,ad⁃enomyosis combined with endometrioma was 81.08%,and adenomyosis combined with uterine fibroids was 83.05%,pairwise comparison,the difference was not statistically significant(χ^(2)=2.242,3.807,0.061,P>0.05);in patients with endometrial lesions,the number of dysmenorrhea and menorrhagia were more,and the incidence of asymptom⁃atic was low;in patients with normal endometrium,the incidence of dysmenorrhea and menorrhagia were similar,the difference was not statistically significant(χ^(2)=2.316,2.986,P>0.05);there was a statistically significant difference in the rate of no other clinical symptoms between the two groups(P<0.05).Conclusion Whether it is adenomyosis,ad⁃enomyosis combined with endometriotic cyst or uterine fibroids,there is a probability of endometrial lesions,and age has nothing to do with endometrial lesions.