颈托在严重创伤患者院前急救中的应用分析

Application Analysis of Cervical Collar in Pre-hospital First Aid for Severely Traumatized Patients

目的探讨严重创伤患者院前急救过程中采用颈托制动的操作与应用效果。方法选取于江苏省句容市急救站2020年1月-2021年11月实施院前急救治疗的严重创伤患者80例为研究对象,根据时间先后顺序分作观察组(2021年1-11月,40例)与对照组(2020年1-12月,40例)。对照组实施现场常规救治后送往医院治疗,观察组在对照组基础上现场使用颈托救治后送往医院治疗,对比两组患者不同时间生理指标(呼吸频率、心率、血压、血氧饱和度)水平变化,统计两组患者急救成功率。结果两组患者未实施急救治疗前生理指标测定结果差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);患者转移至急救车后、抵达医院前观察组呼吸频率、心率、舒张压、收缩压指标测定结果均低于对照组,血氧饱和度高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。观察组患者急救成功率95.00%明显高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=5.165,P<0.05)。结论严重创伤患者实施院前急救时采用颈托制动能够有效降低患者转运期间的影响,保持血压、血氧等生理指标稳定,提高急救成功率,提倡运用推广。

Objective To investigate the operation and application effect of cervical collar braking during pre hospital emergency treatment for severely traumatized patients.Methods A total of 80 patients with severe trauma who received pre-hospital emergency treatment at the first aid station in Jurong City of Jiangsu Province from Janu⁃ary 2020 to November 2021 were selected as the research objects,they were divided into observation group(January to November 2021,40 cases)and control group(January to December 2020,40 cases).The control group was sent to the hospital for treatment after routine on-site treatment,and the observation group was sent to the hospital for treat⁃ment with a cervical collar on the basis of the control group.The changes in the levels of physiological indicators(re⁃spiratory rate,heart rate,blood pressure,blood oxygen saturation)at different times were compared between the two groups of patients.The success rate of first aid in the two groups was calculated.Results There was no statistically significant difference in the measurement results of physiological indicators between the two groups before emer⁃gency treatment(P>0.05);the measurement results of espiratory rate,heart rate,diastolic blood pressure and systolic blood pressure after the patient was transferred to the ambulance and before arriving at the hospital in the observa⁃tion group were lower than those of the control group,and the blood oxygen saturation was higher than that of the con⁃trol group,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).The success rate of first aid in the observation group was 95.00%,which was significantly higher than that in the control group,and the difference was statistically significant(χ^(2)=5.165,P<0.05).Conclusion The use of cervical collar braking during pre-hospital first aid for se⁃verely traumatized patients can effectively reduce the impact of patients during transport,maintain the stability of physiological indicators such as blood pressure and blood oxygen,and improve the success rate of first aid.